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Is dependent personality disorder associated with mild cognitive impairment and dementia in Central Africa? A result from the EPIDEMCA programme

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2014

Sophie Pilleron ,
Jean-Pierre Clément ,
Bébène Ndamba-Bandzouzi ,
Pascal Mbelesso ,
Jean-François Dartigues ,
Pierre-Marie Preux  and
Maëlenn Guerchet
Sophie Pilleron
Affiliation:
INSERM UMR1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, University of Limoges, Limoges, France Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Limoges, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France
Jean-Pierre Clément*
Affiliation:
INSERM UMR1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, University of Limoges, Limoges, France Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Limoges, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France Hospital and University Federation of Adult and Geriatric Psychiatry, Limoges, France
Bébène Ndamba-Bandzouzi
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Brazzaville University Hospital, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
Pascal Mbelesso
Affiliation:
INSERM UMR1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, University of Limoges, Limoges, France Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Limoges, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France Department of Neurology, Amitié Hospital, Bangui, Central African Republic
Jean-François Dartigues
Affiliation:
INSERM U897, Bordeaux of University, Bordeaux, France
Pierre-Marie Preux
Affiliation:
INSERM UMR1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, University of Limoges, Limoges, France Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Limoges, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France Hospital and University Federation of Adult and Geriatric Psychiatry, Limoges, France Department of Medical Information and Evaluation, Clinical Research and Biostatistic Unit, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
Maëlenn Guerchet
Affiliation:
INSERM UMR1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, University of Limoges, Limoges, France Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Limoges, CNRS FR 3503 GEIST, Limoges, France King's College London, Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, London, UK
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Prof. Jean-Pierre Clément, UMR Inserm 1094, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France. Phone: +33-555-43-58-20; Fax: +33-555-43-58-21. Email: jean-pierre.clement@numericable.com.
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Abstract

Background:

To date, no studies have examined the relationship between cognitive disorders and personality disorders. Our aim was to investigate the association between dependent personality disorder (DPD) and cognitive disorders in Central Africa.

Methods:

Between 2011 and 2012, a cross-sectional multicenter population-based study was carried out in rural and urban areas of the Central African Republic (CAR) and the Republic of Congo (ROC). Participants aged ≥65 years were interviewed using the Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSI-D). Elderly people who performed poorly (CSI-D cognitive tests score or COGSCORE ≤ 24.5/30) were clinically assessed by neurologists and underwent further psychometric testing. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition and Petersen criteria were required for the diagnosis of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) respectively. DPD was assessed using the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+. Socio-demographic, vascular, and psychological factors were also documented. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations.

Results:

Of the 2,002 participants screened, 860 and 912 had data for cognitive status and DPD in CAR and ROC respectively. In fully adjusted models, DPD was significantly associated with MCI in ROC (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0–4.7) and CAR (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.0) and with dementia only in ROC (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 2.0–11.7).

Conclusions:

DPD was associated with cognitive disorders among elderly people in Central Africa. This association should be confirmed in other contexts. This study paves the way for research on the association between personality and cognitive impairment in Africa.

Keywords

Dependent personality disorderdementiamild cognitive impairmentCentral Africa
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , February 2015 , pp. 279 - 288
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

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