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Role of nitrogen and herbicides in integrated management of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) in cool-season forage grasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2020

Jatinder S. Aulakh Open the ORCID record for Jatinder S. Aulakh [Opens in a new window]
Jatinder S. Aulakh*
Affiliation:
Assistant Weed Scientist, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Windsor, CT, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Jatinder S. Aulakh, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 153 Cook Hill Road, P.O. Box Number 248, Windsor, CT06095. (Email: Jatinder.Aulakh@ct.gov)
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Abstract

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) is becoming increasingly problematic in cool-season pastures and grasslands. A 3-yr field experiment evaluated different rates of nitrogen and herbicides for A. vulgaris management in a permanent grassland. The main plot had three nitrogen rates, 0, 62, and 124 kg N ha−1; the subplot had three herbicides, aminopyralid, clopyralid, and glyphosate; and the sub-subplot had three herbicide rates, aminopyralid (61, 122, and 244 g ae ha−1), clopyralid (140, 280, and 560 g ae ha−1), and glyphosate (552, 1,104, and 2,208 g ae ha−1). Results revealed that nitrogen had no effect on A. vulgaris control, rhizome biomass, and stem density. However, cool-season grass biomass was the highest (7,126 kg ha−1) in the plots that received 124 kg N ha−1 and 244 g ae ha−1 of aminopyralid. Only glyphosate caused grass injury, which varied from 65% to 100% depending upon application rate. By 9 mo after initial herbicide treatment (MAIT), A. vulgaris was controlled 60% to 98% with aminopyralid at ≥61 g ae ha−1 or glyphosate at ≥552 g ae ha−1. By 21 MAIT, aminopyralid at ≥122 g ae ha−1 or glyphosate at ≥1,104 g ae ha−1 resulted in >95% reduction in A. vulgaris stem density and rhizome biomass and provided ≥98% visual control. By 33 MAIT, complete control of A. vulgaris was confirmed in plots treated with aminopyralid at ≥122 g ae ha−1 or glyphosate at ≥1,104 g ae ha−1. Clopyralid was not effective; A. vulgaris control was <40% even after three annual applications at 560 g ae ha−1. Results indicate that integration of nitrogen fertilization with aminopyralid did not improve A. vulgaris control, but was advantageous in enhancing cool-season grass productivity.

Keywords

Grass biomassgrass injuryrhizome biomasssoil fertility
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , September 2020 , pp. 189 - 198
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Stephen F. Enloe, University of Florida

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