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MOVIMENTI SOCIALI E GLOBALIZZAZIONE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2018

Donatella della Porta  and
Hanspeter Kriesi

Introduzione

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Nel corso dell'ultimo decennio, gli studiosi dei movimenti sociali negli Stati Uniti ed in Europa hanno prestato sempre più attenzione al contesto politico nel quale essi si mobilitano. In questo processo, la ricerca non solo ha fatto sempre più riferimento alla scienza politica per completare le sue concezioni originali (principalmente fornite dalla sociologia, dalla storia e dalla economia), ma è divenuta anche più comparata, focalizzandosi sull'impatto dei contesti politici nazionali, regionali e locali sulla mobilitazione e sulle sue conseguenze in vari paesi. Con la comparazione cross-nazionale, l'attenzione si è diretta agli effetti del cambiamento nel contesto internazionale sui sistemi sociali e sulla politica a livello nazionale. In altre parole, la ricerca sui movimenti sociali è divenuta lentamente consapevole che la divisione tra la politica comparata e le relazioni internazionali è sempre più anacronistica. Anche nello studio dei movimenti sociali, la sfida «è combinare i risultati di ambedue le prospettive senza perdere di vista i loro singoli contributi» (Garrett e Lange 1995, 654). É quello che cercheremo di fare nel corso di questo articolo, concentrandoci sull'impatto delle crescenti interazioni tra contesti politici nazionali ed internazionali e movimenti sociali in un mondo sempre più globale.

Summary

Summary

Over the last decade, social movement research has begun to acknowledge the relevance of the national, regional and local political contexts for collective action and to compare their relative impact on mobilization and its outcomes across countries. In this article, the authors stress the necessity, given a globalizing world, to analyze social movements within an international context. Starting from the general observation that the various processes of globalization are reflected in the mobilization by social movements, the article focuses on both the consequences of globalization on national social movements as well as the emergence of sovranational actors and protest campaigns. In the first part of the article, the analysis focuses on the effects of the changing global context on the mobilization within the national contexts in terms of cross-national diffusion of social movement repertoires and the effect of the international context on national political opportunities for protest. The second part deals instead with mobilization beyond the nation- state, looking in particular at the interaction between international governmental organizations and transnational social movement organizations. The effects of globalization on the forms of unconventional participation are discussed in the conclusion of the article.

Type
Saggi
Information
Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , December 1998 , pp. 451 - 482
Copyright
Copyright © Societ Italiana di Scienza Politica 

References

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