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MEDICAL AUXILIARIES AND THE NEGOTIATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN COLONIAL NORTH-WESTERN TANZANIA*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2013

Mari Webel
Mari Webel*
Affiliation:
Emory University
*
Author's email: mari.webel@emory.edu
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Abstract

This article investigates the development and employment of African medical auxiliaries during the German campaign against sleeping sickness in colonial north-western Tanzania. A case study from the kingdom of Kiziba demonstrates how widespread illness and colonial public health interventions intersected with broader political and social change in the early twentieth century. Ziba auxiliaries known as gland-feelers operated within overlapping social and occupational contexts as colonial intermediaries, royal emissaries, and familiar local men. The changing fortunes of the campaign and its auxiliaries illustrate how new public health interventions became a means for the kingdom's population to engage with or avoid both royal and colonial power.

Keywords

Colonial intermediariesdiseasehealthmedicineTanzania
Type
Colonial Medicine and Disease Management
Information
The Journal of African History , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , November 2013 , pp. 393 - 416
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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Footnotes

*

Research for this article was funded by the CLIR-Mellon Dissertation Fellowship in the Humanities, the SSRC-International Dissertation Research Fellowship, the Free University-Berlin Program for Advanced German and European Studies Dissertation Fellowship, and Columbia University. An earlier version was presented at the African Studies Association Annual Meeting in New Orleans in 2009. It has benefited from the insights of participants in Emory University's Institute of African Studies Research Seminar, the University of Basel's 2011 conference on the history of health care in Africa, and the ISERP/Mellon Graduate Fellows Workshop at Columbia University. My thanks to Elpidius Rwegoshora for his assistance in Bukoba and to Clifton Crais, Melissa Graboyes, Julie Livingston, Joshua Kobrin, Gregory Mann, Kristin Phillips, Tom Rogers, Nancy Rose Hunt, Jenn Tappan, and Julie Weiskopf, and the reviewers of this journal for their comments and suggestions.

References

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37 BArch R 1001/5903, G. Ullrich, Report, 31 Dec. 1909, 5.

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73 BArch R 1001/5899, R. Kudicke, Report, 18 Dec. 1908, 1.

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79 BArch R 1001/5901, G. Ullrich, Report, 31 Mar. 1909.

80 BArch R 1001/5901, Ruschhaupt, Report, 1 Jul. 1909.

81 Ibid.

82 Ibid.

83 BArch R 1001/5899, R. Kudicke, Report, 18 Dec. 1908, 4.

84 BArch R1001/5901, Ruschhaupt, Report, 1 Jul. 1909, 2; BArch R 1001/5899, Marshall, 7 Jan. 1909.

85 BArch R 1001/5903, G. Ullrich, Report, 1 Jul. 1909.

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87 Hanson, Landed Obligation, 63–4 regarding tribute and obligation in Buganda.

88 BArch R 1001/5901, G. Ullrich, Report, 31 Mar. 1909.

89 BArch R 1001/5903, G. Ullrich, Report, 1 Jul. 1909.

90 Cory and Hartnoll, Customary Law, 264; Hyden, Political Development, 89; Hanson, Landed Obligation, 61–72.

91 See, for example, J. Giblin, Politics of Environmental Control, ch. 8.

92 BArch R 1001/5898, R. Kudicke, ‘Bericht …, undated 1908, 2.

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95 Lwamgira, History, 138.

96 Schoenbrun, ‘Conjuring the modern’.

97 Rehse, Kiziba, 137–9.

98 For a similar situation in Belgian Congo, see Lyons, Colonial Disease, 184–5.

99 BArch R 1001/5905, R. Kudicke, Report, 25 Oct. 1910.

100 Ibid.

101 BArch R 1001/5901, G. Ullrich, Report, 31 Mar. 1909.

102 BArch R 1001/5905, R. Kudicke, Report, 25 Oct. 1910.

103 Ibid.

104 BArch R 1001/5892, E. Steudel, Excerpt from Report, 27 Apr. 1912, 13.

105 BArch R 1001/5909, B. Eckard, Report, 1 Apr. 1912; BArch R 1001/5909, Vorwerk, Report, 4 Jul. 1912; BArch R 1001/5908, B. Eckard, Report, 1 Oct. 1911, 2–3.

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