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RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN BODY MASS INDICES FOR MALE CONVICTS IN NINETEENTH CENTURY PENNSYLVANIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2009

SCOTT ALAN CARSON
SCOTT ALAN CARSON
Affiliation:
School of Business, University of Texas, USA CESifo University of Munich, Germany
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Summary

This paper demonstrates that although modern BMIs have increased, 19th century Middle-Atlantic black and white BMIs were in the normal range; neither underweight nor obese individuals were common. Farmers’ BMIs were consistently heavier than non-farmers. Philadelphia residents’ BMIs were lower than elsewhere within Pennsylvania, indicating that urbanization and agricultural commercialization were associated with current biological living standards in urbanized areas.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 41 , Issue 2 , March 2009 , pp. 231 - 248
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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