Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T08:31:32.042Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Composition and characteristics of camel milk

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Zakaria Farah
Zakaria Farah
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Dairy Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Review Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 60 , Issue 4 , November 1993 , pp. 603 - 626
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abdel-Rahim, A. G. 1987 World Review of Animal Production 23(1) 9–12Google Scholar
Abo-Elnaga, I. G., El-Sadek, G. M. & El-Sokary, A. M. 1966 Milchwissenschaft 21 210–215Google Scholar
Abu-Lehia, I. H. 1987 Milchwissenschaft 42 368–371Google Scholar
Abu-Lehia, I. H. 1989 Food Chemistry 34 261–272CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abu-Lehia, I. H., Al-Mohizea, I. S. & El-Behery, M. 1989 Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 44 34–36Google Scholar
Akroyd, P. 1968 In Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Techniques, vol. 2, Zone Electrophoresis, 2nd edn, pp. 399–413 (Ed. Smith, I.). London: William Heinemann Medical BooksGoogle Scholar
Ali, M. Z. & Robinson, R. K. 1985 Journal of Dairy Research 52 303–307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aschaffenburg, R. 1963 Journal of Dairy Research 30 259–260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aschaffenburg, R. & Drewry, J. 1959 15th International Dairy Congress, London 3 1631–1637Google Scholar
Barbour, E. K., Nabbut, N. H., Frerichs, W. M. & Al-Nakhli, H. M. 1984 Journal of Food Protection 47 838–840CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayoumi, S. 1990 Kieler Milchwirtschaftliche Forschungsberichte 42 3–8Google Scholar
Beg, O. U., Von Bahr-Lindsthöm, H., Zaidi, Z. H. & Jörnvall, H. 1984 Bioscience Reports 4 1065–1070CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beg, O. U., Von Bahr-Lindström, H., Zaidi, Z. H. & Jörnvall, H. 1985 European Journal of Biochemistry 147 233–239CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beg, O. U., Von Bahr-Lindström, H., Zaidi, Z. H. & Jörnvall, H. 1986 European Journal of Biochemistry 159 195–201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beg, O. U., Von Bahr-Lindström, H., Zaidi, Z. H. & Jörnvall, H. 1987 FEBS Letters 216 270–274CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremaud, O. 1969 [Notes on Camel Production in the Northern Districts of the Republic of Kenya.] 105pp. Maisons-Alfort: Institut de l'Élevage et des Médecins Vétérinaires des Pays TropicauxGoogle Scholar
Brown, R. J. & Ernstrom, C. A. 1988 In Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry, 3rd edn, pp. 609–633 (Ed. Wong, N. P.), New York: Van Nostrand ReinholdCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulliet, R. W. 1975 The Camel and the Wheel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University PressGoogle Scholar
Bürgemeister, R. 1974 [Problems of Dromedary Behaviour and Husbandry in South Tunisia.] 95pp. Dissertation, Institut für Tropische Veterinärmedizin, GiessenGoogle Scholar
Cauvet, G. 1925 Les Chameaux. Paris: BaillièreGoogle Scholar
Chandan, R. C., Parry, R. M. & Shahani, K. M. 1968 Journal of Dairy Science 51 606–607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, M. J. 1985 World Animal Review no. 55 14–19Google Scholar
Ciba-Geigy, 1977 Wissenschaftliche Tabellen, p. 211. Basel: Ciba-Geigy AGGoogle Scholar
Cole, D. P. 1975 Nomads of the Nomads: the Almurrah Bedouin of the Empty Quarter. Chicago, IL: Aldine Publishing CorporationGoogle Scholar
Conti, A., Godovac-Zimmermann, J., Napolitano, L. & Liberatori, J. 1985 Milchwissemchaft 40 673–675Google Scholar
Dalgleish, D. G. 1982 In Developments in Dairy Chemistry–1 Proteins, pp. 157–187 (Ed. Fox, P. F.). London: Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Davies, D. T. & White, J. C. D. 1966 Journal of Dairy Research 33 67–81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desai, H. K., Patel, J. N., Pandya, A. J., Upadhyay, K. G. & Vyas, S. H. 1982 Gujarat Agricultural University Research Journal 7 131–132Google Scholar
Dhingra, D. R. 1934 Biochemical Journal 28 73–78Google Scholar
Eigel, W. N., Butler, J. E., Ernstrom, C. A., Farrell, H. M., Harwalkar, V. R., Jenness, R. & Whitney, R. McL. 1984 Journal of Dairy Science 67 1599–1631CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ekstrand, B., Larsson-Raźnikiewicz, M. & Perlmann, C. 1980 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 630 361–366CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Amin, F. M. 1979 IFS (International Foundation for Science) Provisional Reports no. 6 35–54Google Scholar
El-Bahay, G. M. 1962 Veterinary Medical Journal 8(9) 7–18Google Scholar
El-Sayed, I., El-Agamy, S. L., Ruppanner, R., Ismail, A., Champagne, C. P. & Assaf, R. 1992 Journal of Dairy Research 59 169–175Google Scholar
FAO 1979 Statistical Yearbook. Rome: FAOGoogle Scholar
Farah, Z. 1986 Milchwissenschaft 41 763–765Google Scholar
Farah, Z. & Atkins, D. 1992 Journal of Dairy Research 59 229–231CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farah, Z. & Bachmann, M. R. 1987 Milchwissenschaft 42 689–692Google Scholar
Farah, Z. & Farah-Riesen, M. 1985 Milchwissenschaft 40 669–671Google Scholar
Farah, Z., Rettenmayer, R. & Atkins, D. 1992 International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research 62 30–33Google Scholar
Farah, Z. & Rüegg, M. W. 1989 Food Microstructure 8 211–216Google Scholar
Farah, Z. & Rüegg, M. 1991 Journal of Dairy Science 74 2901–2904CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farah, Z., Streiff, T. & Bachmann, M. R. 1989 Milchwissenschaft 44 412–414Google Scholar
Field, C. R. 1979 IFS (International Foundation of Science) Provisional Report no. 6 215–240Google Scholar
Foltmann, B., Jensen, A. L., Lonblad, P., Smidt, E. & Axelsen, N. H. 1981 Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 68B 9–13Google Scholar
Fox, P. F. 1982 In Developments in Dairy Chemistry–1 Proteins, pp. 189–228 (Ed. Fox, P. F.). London: Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Fox, P. F. & Hoynes, M. C. T. 1976 Journal of Dairy Research 43 433–442CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gast, M., Maubois, J. L. & Adda, J. 1969 Le Lait et Les Produits Laitiers en Ahaggar. Paris: Centre de Recherches en Anthropologie Préhistorique et EthnologieGoogle Scholar
Gauthier-Pilters, H. & Dagg, A. I. 1981 The Camel. Its Evolution, Ecology, Behavior and Relationship to Man. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago PressGoogle Scholar
Glass, R. L., Troolin, H. A. & Jenness, R. 1967 Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 22 415–425CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gnan, S. O. & Sheriha, A. M. 1986 Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 41 33–35Google Scholar
Gouda, A., El-Zayat, A. & El-Shabrawy, S. A. 1984 Annals of Agricultural Science 29 755–762Google Scholar
Hagrass, A. E., Hassan, A. A., Soryal, K. A., Mervat, A. S. & El-Shabrawy, S. A. 1987 Egyptian Journal of Food Science 15 15–25Google Scholar
Hartley, B. J. 1979 IFS (International Foundation for Science) Provisional Reports no. 6 109–123Google Scholar
Hassan, A. A., Hagrass, A. E., Soryal, K. A. & El-Shabrawy, S. A. 1987 Egyptian Journal of Food Science 15 1–14Google Scholar
Herian, K. & Krčál, Z. 1971 Průmysl Potravin 22 137–139Google Scholar
Hipp, N. J., Groves, M. Lc., Custer, J. H. & McMeekin, T. L. 1952 Journal of Dairy Science 35 272–281CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoynes, M. C. T. & Fox, P. F. 1975 Journal of Dairy Research 42 43–56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kiwuwa, G. H. 1973 East African Agricultural & Forestry Journal 39 110–119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knoess, K. H. 1977 World Animal Review No. 22 39–44Google Scholar
Knoess, K. H. 1979 IFS (International Foundation for Science) Provisional Reports no. 6 109–123Google Scholar
Knoess, K. H., Makhudum, A. J., Rafiq, M. & Hafeez, M. 1986 World Animal Review no. 57 11–21Google Scholar
Kon, S. K. 1959 Milk and Milk Products in Human Nutrition. Rome: FAO (FAO Nutrition Studies no. 17, p. 6)Google Scholar
Larson, B. L. & Rolleri, G. D. 1955 Journal of Dairy Science 38 351–360CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsson-Raźnikiewicz, M. & Mohamed, M. A. 1986 Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 16 13–18Google Scholar
McMahon, D. J. & Brown, R. J. 1982 Journal of Dairy Science 65 1639–1642CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehala, M. A., Abou El-Kheir, A. M. & Hablas, M. A. 1988 Milchwissenschaft 43 438–441Google Scholar
Mehala, M. A. & Al-Kahnal, M. A. 1989 Nutrition Reports International 39 351–357Google Scholar
Mehala, M. A. & Cheryan, M. 1983 Milchwissenschaft 38 137–140Google Scholar
Melachouris, N. P. & Tuckey, S. L. 1966 Journal of Dairy Science 49 1154–1156CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohamed, M. A., Mursal, A. I. & Larsson-Raźnikiewicz, M. 1989 Milchwissenschaft 44 278–280Google Scholar
Morrison, W. R. 1968 a Lipids 3 107–110CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, W. R. 1968 b Lipids 3 101–103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, W. R., Jack, E. L. & Smith, L. M. 1965 Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 42 1142–1147CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mulder, H. & Walstra, P. 1974 The Milk Fat Globule: emulsion science as applied to milk products and comparable foods, p. 147. Farnham Royal: Commonwealth Agricultural BureauxGoogle Scholar
Pant, R. & Chandra, P. 1980 Milchwissenschaft 35 91–93Google Scholar
Parkash, S. & Jenness, R. 1968 Dairy Science Abstracts 30 67–87Google Scholar
Precht, D., Peters, K. H. & Petersen, J. 1987 Milchwissenschaft 42 776–781Google Scholar
Ramet, J. P. 1987 World Animal Review no. 61 11–16Google Scholar
Rao, C. K. 1974 Scheme for the Improvement of Indian Camels: to What extent camels are milked and what the approximate yield is. New Delhi: Mimeo Item no. 12Google Scholar
Rao, M. B., Gupta, R. C. & Dastur, N. N. 1970 Indian Journal of Dairy Science 23 71–78Google Scholar
Renner, E. 1991 Dictionary of Milk and Dairying, p. 12. München: Volkswirtschaftliche VerlagGoogle Scholar
Ribadeau Dumas, B. & Garnier, J. 1969 Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences D Sciences Naturelles 268 2504–2506Google Scholar
Rose, D. 1963 Dairy Science Abstracts 25 45–52Google Scholar
Rowland, S. J. 1938 Journal of Dairy Research 9 30–41CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rüegg, M. & Blanc, B. 1982 Food Microstructure 1 25–47Google Scholar
Sawaya, W. N., Khalil, J. K., Al-Shalhat, A. & Al-Mohammad, H. 1984 Journal of Food Science 39 744–747CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1964 Desert Animals: physiological problems of heat and water. Oxford: University PressGoogle Scholar
Sestucheva, V. 1958 Molochnaya Promyshlennost' 19 33–39Google Scholar
Shalash, M. R. 1979 IFS (International Foundation for Science) Provisional Reports no. 6 285–290Google Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1945 The Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals. New York: American Museum of Natural History (Bulletin 85 1–350)Google Scholar
Spencer, P. 1973 Nomads in Alliance: symbiosis and growth among the Rendille and Sambutu of Kenya, 230 pp. London:Oxford University PressGoogle Scholar
Tessier, H. & Rose, D. 1964 Journal of Dairy Science 47 1047–1051CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Urbisinov, Zh. K., Servetnik-Chalaya, G. K. & Izatullaev, E. A. 1981 Voprosy Pitaniya no. 6 41–42 (Dairy Science Abstracts 45 693)Google Scholar
Wahba, A., El-Abbassy, F., Ismail, I. & El-Agamy, S. I. 1988 Egyptian Journal of Dairy Science 16 19–22Google Scholar
Wangoh, J., Farah, Z. & Puhan, Z. 1993 Milchwissenschaft 48 322–325Google Scholar
Whitney, R. McL., Brunner, J. R., Ebner, K. E., Farrell, H. M., Josephson, R. V., Morr, C. V. & Swaisgood, H. E. 1976 Journal of Dairy Science 59 795–815CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, R. T. 1984 The Camel. Harlow: Longman GroupGoogle Scholar
Yagil, R. 1982 Camels and Camel Milk. Rome: FAO (FAO Animal Production and Health Paper no. 26)Google Scholar
Yagil, R. 1985 The Desert Camel. Comparative Physiological Adaptation. Basel: KargerGoogle Scholar
Yagil, R. & Etzion, Z. 1980 Journal of Dairy Research 47 159–166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeuner, F. E. 1963 A History of Domesticated Animals. London: HutchinsonGoogle Scholar