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Nativity and Wealth in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Cities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2009

Timothy G. Conley  and
David W. Galenson
Timothy G. Conley
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.
David W. Galenson
Affiliation:
Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, and Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research.
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Abstract

This article uses evidence from the manuscripts of the 1860 federal census to analyze the wealth of adult males in Boston, New York, Chicago, and Indianapolis. Previous multivariate analyses of wealth from the census have been flawed by reliance on ordinary least squares; we instead use quantile regression. Immigrants fared considerably better in the Midwest than the East: immigrants in the midwestern cities held more wealth than their eastern counterparts, both absolutely and relative to the native-born in their respective cities. We explore the causes of these differences and their consequences for nineteenth-century Americans and their communities.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Economic History , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , June 1998 , pp. 468 - 493
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1998

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