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Controlling the number of vortices and torque in Taylor–Couette flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2020

Jun Wen ,
Wen-Yun Zhang ,
Liu-Zhen Ren ,
Lu-Yao Bao ,
Daniele Dini ,
Heng-Dong Xi Open the ORCID record for Heng-Dong Xi [Opens in a new window]  and
Hai-Bao Hu
Jun Wen
Affiliation:
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Wen-Yun Zhang
Affiliation:
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China
Liu-Zhen Ren
Affiliation:
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China
Lu-Yao Bao
Affiliation:
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China
Daniele Dini
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Heng-Dong Xi*
Affiliation:
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China
Hai-Bao Hu*
Affiliation:
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, PR China
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: hengdongxi@nwpu.edu.cn, huhaibao@nwpu.edu.cn
†Email addresses for correspondence: hengdongxi@nwpu.edu.cn, huhaibao@nwpu.edu.cn
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Abstract

We present an experimental study on controlling the number of vortices and the torque in a Taylor–Couette flow of water for Reynolds numbers from 660 to 1320. Different flow states are achieved in the annulus of width $d$ between the inner rotating and outer stationary cylinders through manipulating the initial height of the water annulus. We show that the torque exerted on the inner cylinder of the Taylor–Couette system can be reduced by up to 20 % by controlling the flow at a state where fewer than the nominal number of vortices develop between the cylinders. This flow state is achieved by starting the system with an initial water annulus height $h_0$ (which nominally corresponds to $h_0/d$ vortices), then gradually adding water into the annulus while the inner cylinder keeps rotating. During this filling process the flow topology is so persistent that the number of vortices does not increase; instead, the vortices are greatly stretched in the axial (vertical) direction. We show that this state with stretched vortices is sustainable until the vortices are stretched to around 2.05 times their nominal size. Our experiments reveal that by manipulating the initial height of the liquid annulus we are able to generate different flow states and demonstrate how the different flow states manifest themselves in global momentum transport.

JFM classification

Flow Control: Drag reduction Vortex Flows: Vortex dynamics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 901 , 25 October 2020 , A30
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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