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An input–output based analysis of convective velocity in turbulent channels

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2020

Chang Liu Open the ORCID record for Chang Liu [Opens in a new window]  and
Dennice F. Gayme Open the ORCID record for Dennice F. Gayme [Opens in a new window]
Chang Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Dennice F. Gayme*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: dennice@jhu.edu
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Abstract

This paper employs an input–output based approach to analyse the convective velocities and transport of fluctuations in turbulent channel flows. The convective velocity for a fluctuating quantity associated with streamwise–spanwise wavelength pairs at each wall-normal location is obtained through the maximization of the power spectral density associated with the linearized Navier–Stokes equations with a turbulent mean profile and delta-correlated Gaussian forcing. We first demonstrate that the mean convective velocities computed in this manner agree well with those reported previously in the literature. We then exploit the analytical framework to probe the underlying mechanisms contributing to the local convective velocity at different wall-normal locations by isolating the contributions of each streamwise–spanwise wavelength pair (flow scale). The resulting analysis suggests that the behaviour of the convective velocity in the near-wall region is influenced by large-scale structures further away from the wall. These structures resemble Townsend’s attached eddies in the cross-plane, yet show incomplete similarity in the streamwise direction. We then investigate the role of each linear term in the momentum equation to isolate the contribution of the pressure, mean shear, and viscous effects to the deviation of the convective velocity from the mean at each flow scale. Our analysis highlights the role of the viscous effects, particularly in regards to large channel spanning structures whose influence extends to the near-wall region. The results of this work suggest the promise of an input–output approach for analysing convective velocity across a range of flow scales using only the mean velocity profile.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Mathematical Foundations: General fluid mechanics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 888 , 10 April 2020 , A32
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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