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Pattern formation in drying drops of blood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2010

D. BRUTIN ,
B. SOBAC ,
B. LOQUET  and
J. SAMPOL
D. BRUTIN*
Affiliation:
Université de Provence, IUSTI UMR 6595 CNRS, 13453 Marseille, France
B. SOBAC
Affiliation:
Université de Provence, IUSTI UMR 6595 CNRS, 13453 Marseille, France
B. LOQUET
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Bio 13, 13013 Marseille, France
J. SAMPOL
Affiliation:
UMR U608 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 13385 Marseille, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: david.brutin@polytech.univ-mrs.fr
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Abstract

The drying of a drop of human blood exhibits coupled physical mechanisms, such as Marangoni flow, evaporation and wettability. The final stage of a whole blood drop evaporation reveals regular patterns with a good reproducibility for a healthy person. Other experiments on anaemic and hyperlipidaemic people were performed, and different patterns were revealed. The flow motion inside the blood drop is observed and analysed with the use of a digital camera: the influence of the red blood cells motion is revealed at the drop periphery as well as its consequences on the final stage of drying. The mechanisms which lead to the final pattern of the dried blood drops are presented and explained on the basis of fluid mechanics in conjunction with the principles of haematology. The blood drop evaporation process is evidenced to be driven only by Marangoni flow. The same axisymmetric pattern formation is observed, and can be forecast for different blood drop diameters. The evaporation mass flux can be predicted with a good agreement, assuming only the knowledge of the colloids mass concentration.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Bioconvection Biological Fluid Dynamics: Blood flow Complex Fluids: Colloids
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 667 , 25 January 2011 , pp. 85 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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References

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Brutin et al. supplementary material

Movie 1. Closer view of patterns observed and flow motion during a blood drop evaporation. Red blood cells motion can be observed either at the drop periphery and at the drop center just before the final stages of the dessication [field of view of 5.0 mm by 3.3 mm, room temperature is 22°C, microscope glass substrate, displaying speed have been accelerated by 60]

Download Brutin et al. supplementary material(Video)
Video 13.5 MB

Brutin et al. supplementary material

Movie 1. Closer view of patterns observed and flow motion during a blood drop evaporation. Red blood cells motion can be observed either at the drop periphery and at the drop center just before the final stages of the dessication [field of view of 5.0 mm by 3.3 mm, room temperature is 22°C, microscope glass substrate, displaying speed have been accelerated by 60]

Download Brutin et al. supplementary material(Video)
Video 7.7 MB