Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:04:07.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Endemicity, focality and seasonality of transmission of human schistosomiasis in Amagunze Village, eastern Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2009

N. A. Ozumba ,
N. Ø. Christensen ,
A. B. C. Nwosu  and
O. C. Nwaorgu
N. A. Ozumba
Affiliation:
National Arbovirus and Vectors Research Unit, 17 Park Avenue, GRA, P.O. Box 104, Enugu, Nigeria;
N. Ø. Christensen*
Affiliation:
Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory, Jaegersborg Allé 1 D, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark;
A. B. C. Nwosu
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Parasitology, Anambra State University of Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
O. C. Nwaorgu
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Parasitology, Anambra State University of Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
*
†Author for correspondence
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The pattern of transmission of human schistosomiasis was studied in Amagunze Village, eastern Nigeria, during 1986–1987. The prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium in 119 schoolboys aged 5–12 years was 79%. The geometric mean of intensity of infection was 49 eggs/10 ml urine and the frequency of visible haematuria was 25·2%. No S. mansoni infections were demonstrated. A marked seasonality in population density of Bulinus truncatus, B. forskalii and Biomphalaria pfeifferi was demonstrated with reduced densities during the late rainy and early dry seasons. Schistosoma sp. infected B. truncatus were found in the late dry and early rainy seasons in 2 out of 7 major human water contact sites studied. Seasonality and focality of transmission of S. haematobium and its high endemicity in the area were thus demonstrated.

Keywords

Schistosoma haematobiumBulinus truncatusNigeriatransmission dynamicsinfection intensitymorbidityhuman water contactepidemiology
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 63 , Issue 3 , September 1989 , pp. 206 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abayomi, I. O., Oyediran, A. B. O. & Akinkugbe, O. O. (1971) A rural survey of proteinuria and haematuria in Western Nigeria. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 23, 109–112.Google Scholar
Cowper, S. G. (1963) Schistosomiasis in Nigeria. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 57, 307–322.Google Scholar
Cowper, S. G. (1973) Bilharziasis (Schistosomiasis) in Nigeria. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 25, 105–118.Google ScholarPubMed
Dixon, H. (1985) Statistical methods applicable to schistosomiasis control programmes. WHO/Schisto./85.81 WHO./Esm/85.1.Google Scholar
Doumenge, J. P., Mott, K. E., Cheung, C., Villenave, D., Ochapuis, O., Perrin, M. F. & Reaud-Thomas, G. (1987) Atlas of the Global Distribution of Schistosomiasis. Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux. Centre d'Etudes de Geographie Tropicale (C.N.R.S.)/World Health Organization.Google Scholar
Ejezie, G. C. & Ade-serrano, M. A. (1981) Schistosoma haematobium in Ajara community of Badagry, Nigeria. A study on prevalence, intensity and morbidity from infection. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 33, 175–180.Google Scholar
Frandsen, F. & Christensen, N. Ø. (1984) An introductory guide to the identification of cercariae from African freshwater snails with special reference to cercariae of trematode species of medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 41, 181–202.Google Scholar
Gill, H. S. (1988) Evaluation of low cost methodology for studying the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Nigeria. Abstracts, XIIth International Congress for Tropical Medicine and Malaria. Excerpta Medica, International Congress Series 810, p. 229. (editors Kager, P. A. & Polderman, A. M.)Google Scholar
Gilles, H. M., Greenwood, B. M., Greenwood, A. M., Bradley, A. K., Blakebrough, I., Pugh, R. N. H., Musa, B., Shehu, U., Tayo, M. & Jewsbury, J. (1983) The Malumfashi Project – an epidemiological, clinical and laboratory study. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 77, 24–31.Google Scholar
Hira, P. R. & Muller, R. (1966) Studies on the ecology of snails transmitting urinary schistosomiasis in Western Nigeria. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 60, 198–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klumpp, R. K. & Webbe, G. (1987) Focality, seasonality and behavioural patterns of infection and transmission of Schistosoma haematobium in a farming village at the Volta Lake, Ghana. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 90, 265–281.Google Scholar
Pugh, R. N. H. (1979) Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project, VII. The importance of young boys from the Malumfashi area, northern Nigeria, in the transmission of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 73, 189–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pugh, R. N. H., Bell, D. R. & Gilles, H. M. (1980) Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project, XV. The potential medical importance of bilharzia in northern Nigeria: a suggested rapid, cheap and effective solution for control of Schistosoma haematobium infection. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 74, 598–613.Google Scholar
Pugh, R. N. H. & Gilles, H. M. (1978) Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project, III. Urinary schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 72, 471–482.Google Scholar
Sarda, R. K., Minjas, J. N. & Mahikvano, L. F. (1985) Evaluation of indirect screening techniques for the detection of Schistosoma haematobium infection in an urban area, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Acta Tropica, 42, 241–247.Google Scholar
Tayo, M. A., Pugh, R. N. H. & Bradley, A. K. (1980) Malumfashi Endemic Diseases Research Project XI. Water contact activities in the schistosomiasis study area. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 74, 349–354.Google Scholar
Ukoli, F. M. A. (1984) Introduction to Parasitology in Tropical Africa. John Wiley and Sons Ltd: New York.Google Scholar
WHO (1983a) Cellophane thick smear examination technique (Kato) for diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis and gastrointestinal helminth infections. World Health Organization, PDP/83.3.Google Scholar
WHO (1983b) Urine filtration technique for S. haematobium infection. World Health Organization, PDP/83.4.Google Scholar
Wilkins, H. A., Goll, P., Marshall, T. F. De C. & Moore, P. (1979) The significance of proteinuria and haematuria in Schistosoma haematobium infections. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 73, 74–80.Google Scholar