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Metacercarial polymorphism and genetic variation of Paragonimus heterotremus (Digenea: Paragonimidae), and a re-appraisal of the taxonomic status of Paragonimus pseudoheterotremus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2013

P.N. Doanh ,
U. Thaenkham ,
P.T. An ,
H.V. Hien ,
Y. Horii  and
Y. Nawa
P.N. Doanh
Affiliation:
Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
U. Thaenkham
Affiliation:
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
P.T. An
Affiliation:
Noibai Animal Quarantine Station, Department of Veterinary, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Development, Vietnam
H.V. Hien
Affiliation:
Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
Y. Horii*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Y. Nawa
Affiliation:
Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
*
*Fax: +81-0985-58-7276 E-mail: horii@cc.miyazaki-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

Paragonimus heterotremus, which is an important pathogen for human paragonimiasis in Asia, is recognized as having the smallest metacercariae (maximum diameter < 300 μm) of any previously reported Paragonimus species. Recently, P. pseudoheterotremus has been described from Thailand as a new species having metacercariae (about 200 μm) slightly smaller than those of Thai P. heterotremus. In fact, the small size of P. pseudoheterotremus metacercariae is compatible with those of P. heterotremus from India and China. In this study in Vietnam, we found variably sized small metacercariae which are expected to consist of both P. heterotremus and P. pseudoheterotremus. Contrary to expectation, the adult flukes obtained by separate infection of experimental cats with different sized metacercariae were all identified as P. heterotremus, using both morphological and molecular characteristics. The molecular analyses of an extensive collection of P. heterotremus/P. pseudoheterotremus isolates from Asian countries also indicated that genetic distances between different populations of P. heterotremus are even larger than that between P. pseudoheterotremus and P. heterotremus. The haplotype network showed that all P. heterotremus and P. pseudoheterotremus isolates formed a P. heterotremus complex consisting of three groups with strong geographical origins. In addition, the Indian P. heterotremus group is the root of the other P. heterotremus and P. pseudoheterotremus populations. Based on the observed metacercarial polymorphisms and genetic variation in P. heterotremus,P. pseudoheterotremus should be considered a geographically isolated population of the P. heterotremus complex.

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 89 , Issue 2 , March 2015 , pp. 182 - 188
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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