Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T00:16:51.788Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prognostic value of p53 expression and histopathological parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

Ömer Faruk Ünal ,
Ayse Ayhan  and
Ali Şefik Hoşal
Ömer Faruk Ünal*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck SurgeryHacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Ayse Ayhan
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Ali Şefik Hoşal
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck SurgeryHacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
*
Address for correspondence: Ömer Faruk Ünal, Kug̈u Cikmazi Sokak B-31/2, Bilkent Camlik Sitesi, Bilkent Ankara 06533, Turkey. Fax: +90 312 3113500
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The TNM staging system is helpful but not enough to determine prognosis of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. T -stage alone is not suggestive for prediction of occult nodal metastases. For this reason, histopathological examination of 70 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue was done retrospectively. The histological differentiation, tumour thickness, perineural and lymphovascular space invasions, the amount of lymphocyte infiltration and pattern of tumour invasion were examined. Immunohistochemical examination was used to determine p53 immunoreactivity as well. The effect of these histopathological parameters and p53 immunoreactivity on nodal metastases and locoregional recurrence were analyzed using the chi-squared test. In terms of nodal metastases the only statistically significant difference between the two groups was tumour thickness, either <9 mm or >9 mm (p<0.05, χ2 = 17.182). Tumour thickness, perineural invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, the amount of lymphocyte infiltration all correlated statistically with locoregional recurrence (p<0.05, χ2 = 6.293 for tumour thickness; p<0.06, p = 0.054 for perineural invasion; p<0.05, χ2 = 8.689 for lymphovascular space invasion; p<0.05, χ2 = 5.320 for lymphocyte infiltration). The immunoreactivity of p53 correlated significantly with larger primary tumour size (p<0.05, χ2 = 5.440), lymph node metastases (p<0.05, χ2 = 4.093) and with pathological tumour stage (p<0.05, χ2 = 5.713). These results reveal that the above-mentioned histological parameters and p53 determination could be used for handling a specimen from an anterior tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords

Mouth neoplasmsSquamous cell carcinomaGenes, p53Prognosis
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 113 , Issue 5 , May 1999 , pp. 446 - 450
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Presented at The 43rd National Congress of The Japan Society of Clinical Pathology, 15 November 1996.

References

Ayhan, A., Yasui, W., Yokozaki, H., Ito, H., Tahara, E. (1992) Genetic abnormalities and expression of p53 in human colon carcinomas. International Journal of Oncology 1: 431–437.Google ScholarPubMed
Brown, B., Barnes, L., Mazariegos, J., Taylor, F., Johnson, J., Wagner, R. L. (1989) Prognostic factors in mobile tongue and floor of mouth carcinoma. Cancer 64: 1195–1202.3.0.CO;2-7>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bryne, M., Koppang, H. S., Lilleng, R., Kjerheim, A. (1992) Malignancy grading of the deep invasive margins of oral squamous cell carcinomas has high prognostic value. Journal of Pathology 166: 375–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Callery, C. D., Spiro, R. H., Strong, E. W. (1984) Changing trends in the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. American Journal of Surgery 148: 49–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, P. L., Chen, Y., Bookstein, R., Lee, W. H. (1990) Genetic mechanisms of tumour suppression by the human p53 gene. Science 250: 1576–1580.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Close, L. G., Burns, D. K., Vuitch, M. F., Reisch, J., Schaefer, S. D. (1987) Microvascular invasion in cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Archives of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 113: 1191–1195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crissman, J. D., Liu, W. Y., Gluckman, J. L., Cummings, G. (1984) Prognostic value of histopathologic parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Cancer 54: 2995–3001.3.0.CO;2-R>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, M. J., Johnson, J. T., Myers, E. N., Schramm, V. L., Thearle, P. (1986) Cervical lymph node metastases after local excision of early squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. American Journal of Surgery 152: 361–366.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Field, J. K., Spandidos, D. A., Malliri, A., Gosney, J. R., Yiagnisis, M., Stell, P. M. (1991) Elevated p53 expression correlates with a history of heavy smoking in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. British Journal of Cancer 64: 573–577.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Francheschi, D., Grupta, R., Spiro, R. H., Shah, J. P. (1993) Improved survival in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. American Journal of Surgery 166: 360–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goepfert, H., Dichtel, W. J., Medina, J. E., Lindberg, R. D., Luna, M. D. (1984) Perineural invasion in squamous cell skin carcinoma of the head and neck. American Journal of Surgery 148: 542–546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hiratsuka, H., Imamura, M., Ishii, Y., Kohoma, G., Kikuchi, K. (1984) Immunohistologic detection of lymphocyte subpopulations infilterating in human oral cancer with special reference to its clinical significance. Cancer 53: 2456–2466.3.0.CO;2-6>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollstein, M., Sidransky, D., Vogelstein, B., Harris, C. (1991) p53 mutations in human cancers. Science 253: 49–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoşal, A. Ş., Apel, R. L., Freeman, J. L., Azadian, A., Rosen, I. B., LiVolsi, V. A., Asa, S. L. (1997) Immunohistochemical localization of p53 in human thyroid neoplasms: Correlation with biological behaviour. Endocrine Pathology 8: 21–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, K. R., Lodge-Rigal, D. R., Reddick, R. L., Tudor, G. E., Shockley, W. W. (1992) Prognostic factors in the recurrence of stage I and II squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity. Archives of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 118: 483–485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, M., Johnson, B. (1994) Genetic mechanisms of solid tumour oncogenesis. Advances in Internal Medicine 39: 93–122.Google Scholar
Kirita, T., Okabe, S, Izumo, T., Sugimura, M. (1994) Risk factors for the postoperative local recurrence of tongue carcinoma. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 52: 149–154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leedy, D. A., Trune, D. R., Kronz, D. J., Weidner, N., Cohen, J. I. (1994) Tumour angiogenesis, the p53 antigen, and cervical metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 111: 417–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddox, W. A. (1984) Vicissitudes of head and neck cancer. American Journal of Surgery 148: 428–432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mohit-Tabatabai, M. A., Sobel, H. J., Rush, B. F., Mashberg, M. (1986) Relation of thickness of floor of mouth stage I and II cancers to regional metastases. American Journal of Surgery 152: 351–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogden, G. R., Kiddie, R. A., Lunny, D. P., Lane, D. P. (1992) Assessment of p53 protein expression in normal, benign, and malignant oral mucosa. Journal of Pathology 166: 389–394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, J. P., Cendon, R. A., Farr, H. W., Strong, E. W. (1976) Carcinoma of the oral cavity: Factors affecting treatment failure at the primary site and neck. American Journal of Surgery 132: 504–507.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spiro, R. H., Huvos, A. G., Wong, G. Y., Spiro, J. D., Gnecco, C. A., Strong, E. W. (1986) Predictive value of tumour thickness in squamous carcinoma confined to the tongue and floor of mouth. American Journal of Surgery 152: 345–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spiro, R. H., Strong, E. W. (1971) Epidermoid carcinoma of the mobile tongue: Treatment by partial glossectomy alone. American Journal of Surgery 122: 707–710.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tahara, E., Kuniyasu, H., Nakayama, H., Yasui, W., Yokozaki, H. (1993) Metastases related genes and malignancy in human esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Gan-To-Kagaku-Ryoho 20: 326–331.Google Scholar
Totterman, T. H., Hayry, P., Saksela, E., Timonen, T., Eklund, B. (1978) Cytological and functional analysis of inflammatory infiltrates in human malignant tumours. II. Functional investigation of the inflammatory cells. European Journal of Immunology 8: 872–875.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Urist, M. M., O'Brien, C. J., Vischer, D. W., Soongs, S. J. (1987) Squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: Analysis of prognostic factors. American Journal of Surgery 154: 411–414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Warnakulasuriya, K. A., Johnson, N. W. (1992) Expression of p53 mutant nuclear phosphoprotein in oral carcinoma and potentially malignant oral lesions. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine 21: 404–408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed