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Hydration effects on the micro-mechanical properties of bone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2006

A.K. Bembey ,
A.J. Bushby ,
A. Boyde ,
V.L. Ferguson  and
M.L. Oyen
A.K. Bembey*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
A.J. Bushby
Affiliation:
Department of Materials, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
A. Boyde
Affiliation:
Biophysics Section, Centre for Oral Growth and Development, Dental Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom
V.L. Ferguson
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
M.L. Oyen
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: a.k.bembey@qmul.ac.uk
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Abstract

Bone is a composite material with hydroxyapatite mineral, collagen, and water as primary components. Water plays an important role in maintaining the mechanical integrity of the composite, but the manner in which water interacts within the collagen and mineral at ultrastructural length-scales is poorly understood. The current study examined changes in the mechanical properties of bone as a function of hydration state. Tissues were soaked in different solvents and solutions, with different polarities, to manipulate tissue hydration. Mineralized bone was characterized using nanoindentation creep tests for quantification of both the elastic and viscoelastic mechanical responses, which varied dramatically with tissue bathing solution. The results were considered within the context of solution physical chemistry. Selectively removing and then replacing water provided insights into the ultrastructure of the tissues via the corresponding changes in the experimentally determined mechanical responses.

Keywords

BoneNanostructureStress/strain relationship
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 21 , Issue 8 , August 2006 , pp. 1962 - 1968
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

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