Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T05:14:21.852Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Keyworkers for Elderly People in the Community: Case Managers and Care Co-ordinators*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2009

Abstract

In the United Kingdom a range of services for elderly people in the community has developed that is delivered by a variety of professionals and administered within different organisations. This has resulted in a problem of co-ordinating services to meet the individual needs of the most frail elderly people. In the United States ‘case management’ has been introduced as a way of improving the co-ordination of care. Despite structural differences in the provision of health and social services between the United States and the United Kingdom, the concept of case management has influenced the design of a number of innovatory schemes in the United Kingdom, including the Gloucester Care for Elderly People at Home project (CEPH). These innovatory schemes have demonstrated the need for a ‘keyworker’ and clarified the tasks that are involved in taking responsibility for co-ordinating services to meet the needs of elderly people at risk of failing to cope at home. There is, however, a danger of proliferating the complexity of service provision by creating a new breed of professional; an alternative might be to alter the responsibilities, attitudes and team orientation of existing professional workers so as to include taking on the key worker role for some of their clients.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arnold, Diane (1987), ‘The brokerage model of long-term care: a rose by any other name’, Home Health Care Services Quarterly, 8:2, 2343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Audit Commission for Local Authorities in England and Wales (1985), Managing Social Services for the Elderly More Effectively, A Report by the Audit Commission, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Audit Commission for Local Authorities in England and Wales (1986), Making a Reality of Community Care, A Report by the Audit Commission, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Ballew, Julius R. and Mink, George (1986), Case Management in the Human Services, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.Google Scholar
Barclay, Peter (1982), Social Workers: Their Roles and Tasks, Bedford Square Press, London.Google Scholar
Boulton, J., Gully, V., Matthews, L. and Gearing, B. (1989), Developing the Biographical Approach in Practice with Older People, Care for Elderly People at Home; Project Paper 7, Open University, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Bowling, Ann (1981), Delegation in General Practice: A Study of Doctors and Nurses, Tavistock, London.Google Scholar
Brearly, C. Paul (1975), Social Work, Ageing and Society, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.Google Scholar
Brough, Douglas (1977), ‘Multiprofessional treatment of psychiatric cases: evolvement of a multiprofessional team’, Social Work Today, 8:40, 78.Google Scholar
Bulmer, Martin (1987), The Social Basis of Community Care, Allen and Unwin, London.Google Scholar
Burningham, Sally (1983), ‘Who makes the rules?’, Social Work Today, 15:8, 1011.Google Scholar
Callahan, James J. (1989), ‘Case management for the elderly: a panacea?’, Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 1:1/2, 181195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Capitman, John A., Haskins, Brenda and Bernstein, Judith (1986), ‘Case management approaches in coordinated community oriented long-term care demonstrations’, The Gerontologist, 26:4, 398404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carley, M., Dant, T., Gearing, B. and Johnson, M. (1987), Care for Elderly People in the Community: A Review of the Issues and the Research, Care for Elderly People at Home; Project Paper One, Open University, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Challis, D., Chessum, R., Chesterman, J., Luckett, R. and Woods, B. (1988), ‘Community care for the frail elderly: an urban experiment’, British Journal of Social Work, 18, Supplement, 1342.Google Scholar
Challis, David and Chesterman, John (1985), ‘A system for monitoring social work activity with the frail elderly’, British Journal of Social Work, 15, 115132.Google Scholar
Challis, David and Davies, Bleddyn (1986), Case Management in Community Care, Gower, Aldershot.Google Scholar
Challis, David and Ferlie, Ewan (1988), ‘The myth of generic practice: specialisation in social work’, Journal of Social Policy, 17:1, 122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, Liam (1984), Domiciliary Services for the Elderly, Croom Helm, Beckenham.Google Scholar
Cm 849 (1989), Caring for People: Community Care in the Next Decade and Beyond, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Crosbie, David (1983), ‘A role for anyone? A description of social work with the elderly in two area offices’, British Journal of Social Work, 13, 123148.Google Scholar
Dant, Tim (1988), ‘Old poor and at home: social security and elderly people in the community’, in Baldwin, S., Parker, G. and Walker, R. (eds), Social Security and Community Care, Avebury, Aldershot.Google Scholar
Dant, T., Carley, M., Gearing, B. and Johnson, M. (1987), Identifying, Assessing and Monitoring the Needs of Elderly People at Home, Care for Elderly People at Home; Project Paper 2, Open University, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Dant, T., Carley, M., Gearing, B. and Johnson, M. (1989), Co-ordinating Care: The Final Report of the Care for Elderly People at Home Project, Gloucester, Open University, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Davies, Bleddyn and Challis, David (1986), Matching Needs to Resources, Gower, Aldershot.Google Scholar
Davis, Leonard (1978), ‘In residence: beyond the key worker concept’, Social Work Today, 9:19, 17.Google Scholar
DHSS (1978), Social Services Teams: The Practitioners View, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Eng, Catherine (1987), ‘Multidisciplinary approach to medical care: the On Lok model’, Clinical Report on Aging, 1:6, 5, 10, 11.Google Scholar
Ferlie, Ewan, Pahl, Jan and Quine, Lyn (1984), ‘Professional collaboration in services for mentally handicapped people’, Journal of Social Policy, 13:2, 185202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldberg, E.M. and Connelly, N. (1982), The Effectiveness of Social Care for the Elderly, Heinemann, London.Google Scholar
Goldberg, E.M. and Warburton, R.W. (1979), Ends and Means in Social Work, Allen and Unwin, London.Google Scholar
Goldberg, E.M., Mortimer, A. and Williams, B. (1970), Helping the Aged, Allen and Unwin, London.Google Scholar
SirGriffiths, Roy (1988), Community Care: Agenda for Action, HMSO, London.Google Scholar
Harrod, J.B. (1986), ‘Defining case management in community support systems’, Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 9:3, 5661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HCF (1987), Health Care Financing: Evaluation of Community-Oriented Long-Term Care Demonstration Projects, Extramural Report, Health Care Financing Administration Pub. No. 03242, US Department of Health and Human Resources, Baltimore, MD.Google Scholar
Henke, R.O., Connolly, S.G. and Cox, J.G. (1975), ‘Caseload management: the key to effectiveness’, Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counselling, 6:4, 217227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, David J. (ed.) (1988), Bridging the Gap: Case Management and Advocacy for People with Physical Handicaps, King Edward's Hospital Fund, London.Google Scholar
Hunter, David J. and Judge, Ken (1988), Griffiths and Community Care: Meeting the Challenge, Briefing Paper 5, King's Fund Institute, London.Google Scholar
Huntington, June (1981), Social Work and General Medical Practice: Collaboration or Conflict?, George Allen and Unwin, London.Google Scholar
Johnson, Malcolm, Gearing, Brian, Carley, Michael and Dant, Tim (1988), A Biographically Based Health and Social Diagnostic Technique: A Research Report, Care for Elderly People at Home, Project Paper 4, Open University, Milton Keynes.Google Scholar
Kemper, Peter, Applebaum, Robert and Harrigan, Margaret (1987), ‘Community care demonstrations: what have we learned?’, Health Care Financing Review, 8:4, 87100.Google ScholarPubMed
Mallinson, Ian and Best, Errol (1987), ‘Sharing tasks will mean more client choice’, Social Work Today, 7 12, 12–3.Google Scholar
Marshall, Mary (1983), Social Work with Old People, Macmillan, London.Google Scholar
Mayer, J. and Timms, N. (1970), The Client Speaks, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.Google Scholar
Means, R. and Smith, R. (1985), The Development of Welfare Services for Elderly People, Croom Helm, London.Google Scholar
Meyer, H.J., Borgatta, E. and Jones, W. (1965), Girls at Vocational High: An Experimental Study in Social Work Intervention, Russell Sage, New York.Google Scholar
O'Connor, Gerald G. (1988), ‘Case management: system and practice’, Social Casework, 69:2, 97106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pilling, Doria (1988), The Case Manager Project: Report of the Evaluation, Rehabilitation Resource Centre, Department of Systems Science, City University, London.Google Scholar
Pragnell, Charles (1983), ‘The key worker: a special report’, Horizon, Newsletter of the Residential Care Association, No. 8.Google Scholar
Rodway, Simon (1978), ‘Is It “Pie in the Sky”? An Employer's Viewpoint’, Paper presented at a Study Day organised by the Residential Care Association, 05 1978.Google Scholar
Rowlings, Cherry (1981), Social Work with Elderly People, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.Google Scholar
Sackville, Andrew (1978), ‘A Challenge to Traditional Thinking’, Paper presented at a Study Day organised by the Residential Care Association, 05 1978.Google Scholar
Sanborn, Charlotte J. (ed.) (1983), Case Management in Mental Health Services, Haworth Press, New York.Google Scholar
Wylie, Mary and Austin, Carol (1978), ‘Policy foundations for case management: consequences for the frail elderly’, Journal of Gerontohgical Social Work, 1:1, 717.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yordi, Cathleen L. (1988), Case Management in the Social Health Maintenance Organisation Demonstrations, mimeo, in conjunction with Institute of Health and Aging, UCLA, Berkeley Planning Associates, Berkeley, California.Google ScholarPubMed