Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T03:48:17.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Policy Boostering the Social Impact Investment Market in the UK

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2018

JAY WIGGAN*
Affiliation:
School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, 15a George Square Chrystal Macmillan Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9LD, United Kingdom email: j.wiggan@ed.ac.uk

Abstract

Under the Conservative-Liberal Coalition Government and the Conservative Government that took office in 2015, policy measures were introduced to develop a Social Impact Investment Market that harnesses private finance to invest in services to achieve social and financial outcomes. This nascent market is of growing interest amongst social scientists (Bryan and Rafferty, 2014; Whitfield, 2015; McHugh et al., 2013; Dowling, 2017; Edmiston and Nicholls, 2017), but little attention has been given to interrogating related UK Government discourse. The originality of this paper is its contribution to addressing this ‘discourse gap’; enhancing our understanding of the development and representation of impact investment in the UK. Using Hyatt's (2013a) Critical Policy Discourse Analysis Framework, a rigorous critical examination of UK Coalition and Conservative Government impact investment discourse between 2011 and 2016 is undertaken. The significance of this work lies in its contextualisation and deconstruction of UK Government texts to identify and unpack how distinct rationales, justifications and legitimations draw on and (re)produce a Broken Britain-Big Society narrative (Wiggan, 2011; Dowling and Harvie, 2014; Smith and Jones, 2015) to ‘policy booster’ financialised reconfiguration of the welfare state as the route to a better society.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Affleck, A. and Mellor, M. (2006), ‘Community development finance: a neo-market solution to social exclusion?Journal of Social Policy, 35 (2), 303319Google Scholar
Amable, B. (2011), ‘Morals and politics in the ideology of neo-liberalism’, Socio-Economic Review, 9: 330.Google Scholar
Bacchi, C. (2009), Analysing policy: What's the problem represented to be? Pearson, Frenchs Forest.Google Scholar
Bacchi, C. (2012), ‘Why study problematisations? Making politics visible’, Open Journal of Political Science, 2 (1), 18Google Scholar
Bacchi, C. and Ronnblom, M. (2014), ‘Feminist Discursive Institutionalism – A Post structural Alternative’, Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 22 (3), 170186.Google Scholar
Big Society Capital (accessed 2016), As an investor, our investments - Charity Bank, https://www.bigsocietycapital.com/about-us/governanceGoogle Scholar
Bonefeld, W. (2015), ‘Big Society and political state’, British Politics, 10: 413428Google Scholar
Breger Bush, S. (2016), ‘Risk markets and the landscape of social change’, International Journal of Political Economy, 45 (2), 124146Google Scholar
Bryan, D. and Rafferty, M. (2014), ‘Financial Derivatives as Social Policy beyond Crisis’, Sociology, 48 (5), 887903.Google Scholar
Centre for Social Impact Bonds (2017), Introduction and guidance to developing Social Impact Bonds, information about sources of funding and available support, published 16 November 2012, last updated September 26th 2017, https://www.gov.uk/guidance/social-impact-bondsGoogle Scholar
Charities (Protection and Social Investment), Act 2016, Section 15, http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/4/section/15/enacted (accessed August 2016)Google Scholar
Chiapello, E. and Fairclough, N. (2002), ‘Understanding the new management ideology: a transdisciplinary contribution from critical discourse analysis and new sociology of capitalism’, Discourse & Society, 13 (2), 185208Google Scholar
Corbett, S. and Walker, A. (2013), ‘The big society: Rediscovery of ‘the social’ or rhetorical fig-leaf for neo-liberalism?Critical Social Policy, 33 (3), 451472Google Scholar
Department for Work and Pensions (2016), Qualitative evaluation of the DWP Innovation Fund: Final report, Research Report No 922, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/535032/rr922-qualitative-evaluation-of-the-dwp-innovation-fund-final-report.pdfGoogle Scholar
Descheneau, P. and Paterson, M. (2011), ‘Between desire and routine: assembling environment and finance in carbon markets, Antipode, 43 (3), 662681Google Scholar
Dowling, E. and Harvie, D. (2014), ‘Harnessing the Social: State, Crisis and (Big) Society’, Sociology, 48 (5), 869886Google Scholar
Dowling, E. (2017), ‘In the wake of austerity: Social Impact Bonds and the financialisation of the welfare state in Britain’, New Political Economy, 22 (3), 294310Google Scholar
Edmiston, D. and Nicholls, A. (2017), ‘Social Impact Bonds: The Role of Private Capital in Outcome-Based Commissioning’, Journal of Social Policy, online first, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279417000125Google Scholar
Edmonds, T. (2015 ), Big Society Bank/ Capital, Briefing Paper No. 05876, August 4th, House of Commons library, http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN05876Google Scholar
Ellison, N. (2011), ‘The Conservative Party and the Big Society’, 4562, in Holden, C. Kilkey, M. and Ramia, G. (eds.), Social Policy Review, 23, Policy Press.Google Scholar
European Parliamentary Research Service (2014), Social Impact Bonds: Private finance that generates social returns, Briefing, August, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/EPRS/538223-Social-impact-bonds-FINAL.pdfGoogle Scholar
Fairclough, N. (2001a), ‘Critical Discourse Analysis as a method in social scientific research’, 122138, in Wodak, R and Meyer, M. (eds.), Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis, Sage Publications, London.Google Scholar
Fraser, A., Tan, S., Lagarde, M. and Mays, N. (2016), ‘Narratives of promise, narratives of caution: a review of the literature on Social Impact Bonds, Social Policy & Administration, first view, DOI: 10.1111/spol.12260.Google Scholar
Golka, P. (2017). Financialization as welfare: Social Impact Investing and the resonance of financial market frames in British social policy, 1997 to 2016. PhD dissertation, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.Google Scholar
Gutsche, R.E. Jr (2015), ‘Boosterism as banishment’, Journalism Studies, 16 (4), 497512Google Scholar
HM Revenue and Customs (2014), Social Investment Tax Relief: investors, August 17th https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/social-investment-tax-relief-investorsGoogle Scholar
Howarth, D. (2010), ‘Power, discourse, and policy: articulating a hegemony approach to critical policy studies’, Critical Policy Studies, 3 (3-4), 309335Google Scholar
Hayek, F.A. (1948), ‘Free Enterprise and Competitive Order’ pp107118, in Hayek, F. (ed.), Individualism and Economic Order, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Hyatt, D. (2013a), ‘The Critical Higher Education Policy Discourse Analysis Framework’, in Huisman, J. Tight, M. (ed.), Theory and Method in Higher Education Research, International Perspectives on Higher Education Research, Volume 9, Emerald Group Publishing.Google Scholar
Hyatt, D. (2013b), ‘The critical policy discourse analysis frame: helping doctoral students engage with the educational policy analysis’, Teaching in Higher Education, 18 (8), 833845Google Scholar
Hyatt, D. and Meraud, J. (2015), ’Teacher education in France under the Hollande government: reconstructing and reinforcing the republic’, Journal of Education for Teaching, 41 (3), 218234.Google Scholar
Jenson, J. (2010), ‘Diffusing Ideas for After Neoliberalism: The Social Investment Perspective in Europe and Latin America’, Global Social Policy, 10 (1), 5984.Google Scholar
Jenson, J. (2017), ‘Modernising the European Social Paradigm: Social Investments and Social Entrepreneurs’, Journal of Social Policy, 46 (1), 3147Google Scholar
Jones, D. (2009), Cameron on Cameron, Fourth Estate, London.Google Scholar
Keohane, N., Mulheirn, I. and Shorthouse, R. (2013), Risky Business: Social Impact Bonds and public services, Social Market Foundation, http://www.smf.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Publication-Risky-Business-Social-Impact-Bonds-and-public-services.pdfGoogle Scholar
McCann, E. (2013), ‘Policy Boosterism, Policy Mobilities and the extrospective city’, Urban Geography, 34 (1), 529Google Scholar
McHugh, N., Sinclair, S., Roy, M., Huckfield, L. and Donaldson, C. (2013), ‘Social Impact Bonds: a wolf in sheep's clothing’, Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, 21 (3), 247–57Google Scholar
Mirowski, P. (2014), Never let a serious crisis go to waste, Verso, London.Google Scholar
Mulgan, G. (2015), Social Finance: does investment add value? pp. 4564, Nicholls, A. Paton, R. and Emerson, J. (eds.), Social Finance, Oxford University Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
National Audit Office (2015), Outcome-based payment schemes: government's use of payment by results, HC 86, Session 2015–16.Google Scholar
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2015), Social Impact Investment: building the evidence base, OECD, http://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/social-impact-investment.pdfGoogle Scholar
Panezzi, F. and Miorelli, R. (2013), ‘Taking discourse seriously: Discursive Institutionalism and post-structuralist discourse theory,’ Political Studies, 61, 301318Google Scholar
Sage, D. (2012), ‘A challenge to liberalism? The communitarianism of the Big Society and Blue Labour’, Critical Social Policy, 32 (3), 365382Google Scholar
Schmidt, V. A. (2011), ‘Speaking of change: why discourse is the key to the dynamics of policy transformation’, Critical Policy Studies, 5 (2), 106126Google Scholar
Sinclair, S., McHugh, N., Huckfield, L., Roy, M. and Donaldson, C. (2014), ‘Social Impact Bonds: shifting the boundaries of citizenship’, 119136 in Farnsworth, K. Irving, Z. and Fenger, M. Social Policy Review, Policy Press.Google Scholar
Slater, T. (2014), ‘The myth of Broken Britain: Welfare reform and the production of ignorance’, Antipode, 46 (4), 948969Google Scholar
Smith, M. and Jones, R. (2015), ‘From big society to small state: Conservatism and the privatisation of government’, British Politics, 10 (2), 226248Google Scholar
Social Finance (2017), Impact Investment Database, accessed 21.11.17 http://sibdatabase.socialfinance.org.uk/Google Scholar
Westall, A. (2010), UK government policy and ‘social investment’, Voluntary Sector Review, 1 (1), 119124Google Scholar
Wells, P. (2012), ‘Understanding social investment policy: evidence from the evaluation of Futurebuilders in England’, Voluntary Sector Review, 3 (2), 157177Google Scholar
Wells, P. (2013), ‘When the third sector went to market: the problematic use of market failure to justify social investment policy’, Voluntary Sector Review, 4 (1), 7794Google Scholar
Whitfield, D. (2015), Alternative to private finance of the welfare state: a global analysis of Social Impact Bonds, Pay for Success and Development Impact Bond Projects, European Services Strategy Unit, http://www.european-services-strategy.org.uk/publications/essu-research-reports/alternative-to-private-finance-of-the-welfare/alternative-to-private-finance-of-the-welfare-state.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wiggan, J. (2011), ‘Something old and blue or red, bold and new? Welfare reform under the Coalition Government’ in Holden, C. Kilkey, M and Ramia, G (eds), Social Policy Review, 23, The Policy Press.Google Scholar
Wiggan, J. (2017), ‘Contesting the austerity and welfare reform narrative of the UK Government: forging a social democratic imaginary in Scotland’, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 37 (11/12), 639654Google Scholar
Williams, B. (2011), The Big Society- Post-bureaucratic politics for the 21st Century, Political Quarterly, 82 (s1), 120132Google Scholar
Wodak, R., de Cillia, R., Reisigl, M. and Leibhart, K. (2009), The Discursive Construction of National Identity, 2nd Edition, Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar