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Empathy and Theory of Mind in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2020

Olivia P. Demichelis Open the ORCID record for Olivia P. Demichelis [Opens in a new window] ,
Sarah P. Coundouris ,
Sarah A. Grainger  and
Julie D. Henry
Olivia P. Demichelis*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Sarah P. Coundouris
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Sarah A. Grainger
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
Julie D. Henry
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Olivia P. Demichelis, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia. E-mail: o.demichelis@uq.edu.au
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Abstract

Objective:

A large literature now shows that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disrupts a number of social cognitive abilities, including social perceptual function and theory of mind (ToM). However, less well understood is how the specific subcomponents of ToM as well as both the broader and specific subcomponents of empathic processing are affected.

Method:

The current study provides the first meta-analytic review of AD that focuses on both empathy and ToM as broad constructs, as well as their overlapping (cognitive empathy and affective ToM) and distinct (affective empathy and cognitive ToM) subcomponents.

Results:

Aggregated across 31 studies, the results revealed that, relative to controls, AD is associated with large-sized deficits in both cognitive ToM (g = 1.09) and affective ToM/cognitive empathy (g = 0.76). However, no statistical differences were found between the AD participants and controls on affective empathic abilities (g = 0.36).

Conclusions:

These data point to a potentially important disconnect between core aspects of social cognitive processing in people with AD. The practical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

Keywords

EmpathyAffective empathyCognitive empathyTheory of mindAffective theory of mindCognitive theory of mindAlzheimer’s disease
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 26 , Issue 10 , November 2020 , pp. 963 - 977
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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