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ACTIVE Cognitive Training and Rates of Incident Dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2012

Frederick W. Unverzagt ,
Lin T. Guey ,
Richard N. Jones ,
Michael Marsiske ,
Jonathan W. King ,
Virginia G. Wadley ,
Michael Crowe ,
George W. Rebok  and
Sharon L. Tennstedt
Frederick W. Unverzagt*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
Lin T. Guey
Affiliation:
New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts
Richard N. Jones
Affiliation:
Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, Massachusetts
Michael Marsiske
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Jonathan W. King
Affiliation:
Division of Behavioral and Social Research, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
Virginia G. Wadley
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
Michael Crowe
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
George W. Rebok
Affiliation:
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
Sharon L. Tennstedt
Affiliation:
New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Frederick W. Unverzagt, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1111 W. 10th Street, Suite PB 218A, Indianapolis, IN 46202. E-mail: funverza@iupui.edu
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Abstract

Systematic cognitive training produces long-term improvement in cognitive function and less difficulty in performing activities of daily living. We examined whether cognitive training was associated with reduced rate of incident dementia. Participants were from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study (n = 2,802). Incident dementia was defined using a combination of interview- and performance-based methods. Survival analysis was used to determine if ACTIVE treatment affected the rate of incident dementia during 5 years of follow-up. A total of 189 participants met criteria for incident dementia. Baseline factors predictive of incident dementia were older age, male gender, African American race, fewer years of education, relationship other than married, no alcohol use, worse MMSE, worse SF-36 physical functioning, higher depressive symptomatology, diabetes, and stroke (all p < .05). A multivariable model with significant predictors of incident dementia and training group revealed that cognitive training was not associated with a lower rate of incident dementia. Cognitive training did not affect rates of incident dementia after 5 years of follow-up. Longer follow-up or enhanced training may be needed to fully explore the preventive capacity of cognitive training in forestalling onset of dementia. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–9)

Keywords

Cognitive trainingInterventionAgingDementiaPreventionCognition
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , July 2012 , pp. 669 - 677
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2012

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