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Composition and regulation of thylakoid membrane of Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L in response to low-temperature environment stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2016

Wang Yi-Bin ,
Liu Fang-Ming ,
Zhang Xiu-Fang ,
Zhang Ai-Jun ,
Wang Bin ,
Zheng Zhou ,
Sun Cheng-Jun  and
Miao Jin-Lai
Wang Yi-Bin*
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
Liu Fang-Ming
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
Zhang Xiu-Fang
Affiliation:
Qingdao Hiser Hospital, Qingdao 266033, China
Zhang Ai-Jun
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
Wang Bin
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
Zheng Zhou
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
Sun Cheng-Jun
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
Miao Jin-Lai*
Affiliation:
First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China
*
Correspondence should be addressed to:M. Jin-lai and W. Yi-bin, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China email: miaojinlai@fio.org.cn; wangyibin@fio.org.cn
Correspondence should be addressed to:M. Jin-lai and W. Yi-bin, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China email: miaojinlai@fio.org.cn; wangyibin@fio.org.cn
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Abstract

Ice algae have successfully adapted to the extreme environmental conditions in the Antarctic, however the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation and response of thylakoid membranes and chloroplast to low-temperature stress are still not well understood. In this study, changes in pigment concentrations, lipids, fatty acids and pigment protein complexes in thylakoid membranes and chloroplast after exposure to low temperature conditions were investigated using the Antarctic ice algae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L. Results showed that the chloroplasts of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L are distributed throughout the cell except in the nuclear region in the form of thylakoid lamellas which exists in the gap between organelles and the starch granules. Also, the structure of mitochondria has no obvious change after cold stress. Concentrations of Chl a, Chl b, monogalactosyl diacylglycerol, digalactosyl diacylglycerol and fatty acids were also observed to exhibit changes with temperature, suggesting possible adaptations to cold environments. The light harvesting complex, lutein and β-carotene played an important role for adaptation of ICE-L, and increasing of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol improved the overall degree of unsaturation of thylakoid membranes, thereby maintaining liquidity of thylakoid membranes. The pigments, lipids, fatty acids and pigment-protein complexes maintained the stability of the thylakoid membranes and the normal physiological function of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L.

Keywords

Antarctic ice microalgaeChlamydomonas sp.chloroplastthylakoid membranecold stress response
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 97 , Issue 6 , September 2017 , pp. 1241 - 1249
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 

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