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Spatial patterns and habitat associations of Fagaceae in a hill dipterocarp forest in Ulu Gadut, West Sumatra

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2008

Sen Nishimura ,
Tsuyoshi Yoneda ,
Shinji Fujii ,
Erizal Mukhtar  and
Mamoru Kanzaki
Sen Nishimura*
Affiliation:
Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
Tsuyoshi Yoneda
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
Shinji Fujii
Affiliation:
University of Human Environments, Okazaki, Aichi 444-3505, Japan
Erizal Mukhtar
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Mamoru Kanzaki
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
*
1Corresponding author. Email: nishimu@cias.kyoto-u.ac.jp
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Abstract:

Spatial distribution patterns and habitat associations of Fagaceae species in a Fagaceae-codominated hill forest in Sumatra were investigated. Ten Fagaceae species believed to be zoochorous (animal-dispersed seed) and five codominant canopy and emergent anemochorous (wind-dispersed seed) species from Anacardiaceae and Dipterocarpaceae were studied. Five Fagaceae species and all codominant anemochorous species were significantly aggregated while the other five Fagaceae species showed a random distribution pattern. The median distance of small saplings from the nearest reproductively mature tree tended to be shorter for aggregated species than spatially random species. This implied that some Fagaceae species dispersed over longer distances than anemochorous species. Relationships between four habitat variables and distribution of the target species were examined with torus-translation tests. Three Quercus and one Lithocarpus species showed positive habitat associations. Two Quercus species aggregated at the preferred habitat, but the others were randomly distributed. Thus tree species with specific habitat preference do not only aggregate at the preferred habitat. The three ridge-specialist Quercus species showed gradual changes in habitat association, which could reflect avoidance of competition among the species. Most of the Lithocarpus species showed little correlation with habitat variables. Coexistence of the three Quercus species partly reflected subtle differences in topographical preferences. Distribution of five of the six Lithocarpus species was unrelated to topography, so other mechanisms must be sought to account for the maintenance of coexistence in this species-rich genus.

Keywords

coexistenceDipterocarpaceaedispersal constraintFagaceaehabitat preferenceniche partitioning
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 24 , Issue 5 , September 2008 , pp. 535 - 550
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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