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Atmospheric deposition versus rock weathering in the control of streamwater chemistry in a tropical rain-forest catchment in Malaysian Borneo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 July 2014

Naoyuki Yamashita ,
Hiroyuki Sase ,
Ryo Kobayashi ,
Kok-Peng Leong ,
Jamil Mohd Hanapi ,
Shigeki Uchiyama ,
Siniarovina Urban ,
Ying Ying Toh ,
Maznorizan Muhamad  and
Jikos Gidiman
...Show all authors
Naoyuki Yamashita*
Affiliation:
Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Sowa 1182, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Japan
Hiroyuki Sase
Affiliation:
Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Sowa 1182, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Japan
Ryo Kobayashi
Affiliation:
NSS corporation, Yoshida-Higashi-Sakae 8–11, Tsubame, Japan
Kok-Peng Leong
Affiliation:
Malaysian Meteorological Department, Jalan Sultan 4667, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
Jamil Mohd Hanapi
Affiliation:
Danum Valley Field Centre, c/o Yayasan Sabah Group, Sabah, Malaysia
Shigeki Uchiyama
Affiliation:
Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, Sowa 1182, Nishi-ku, Niigata, Japan
Siniarovina Urban
Affiliation:
Malaysian Meteorological Department, Jalan Sultan 4667, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
Ying Ying Toh
Affiliation:
Malaysian Meteorological Department, Jalan Sultan 4667, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
Maznorizan Muhamad
Affiliation:
Malaysian Meteorological Department, Jalan Sultan 4667, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
Jikos Gidiman
Affiliation:
Danum Valley Field Centre, c/o Yayasan Sabah Group, Sabah, Malaysia
Nick A. Chappell
Affiliation:
Lancaster Environment Centre, LancasterUniversity, LancasterLA1 4YQ, UK
*
1Corresponding author. Email: nyamashita@acap.asia
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Abstract:

Uncertainty about the H+ buffering capacity in tropical rain forest limits our ability to predict the future effect of anthropogenic deposition on the streamwater chemistry. Export of major ions to the stream and the ion-fluxes via rainfall, throughfall, litter-leachate and soil-water pathways were observed to examine the source of streamwater nutrients in a small catchment in Sabah, Malaysia. The streamwater and the ion-fluxes were measured for 3.75 and 2 y, respectively, by collecting water twice a month and setting ion-exchange-resin columns. Streamwater pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.6 and was not sensitive to water discharge controlling base cations. The NO3−-N, Ca2+ and Mg2+ fluxes were low in atmospheric depositions (0.6, 0.5 and 0.3 kg ha−1 y−1, respectively) and markedly increased in the litter layer. The NO3−-N flux decreased drastically from subsoil (70 kg ha−1 y−1) to the stream (1.4 kg ha−1 y−1) whereas the Ca2+ and Mg2+ fluxes were not different between subsoil (38 and 18 kg ha−1 y−1) and stream (30 and 15 kg ha−1 y−1). Neutral pH in tropical streams was mainly due to the base cation leaching with deep chemical weathering in deeper strata, and a rapid decrease in NO3− leaching from the subsoil to the stream.

Keywords

hydrologynutrient cyclingprecipitationSouth-east Asiatropical rain foresttropical streams
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 30 , Issue 5 , September 2014 , pp. 481 - 492
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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