Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T03:50:23.441Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Temporal separation between jaguar and puma in the dry forests of southern Bolivia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 March 2010

Alfredo Romero-Muñoz ,
Leonardo Maffei ,
Erika Cuéllar  and
Andrew J. Noss
Alfredo Romero-Muñoz*
Affiliation:
Wildlife Conservation Society-Bolivia, Casilla 6272, Santa Cruz, Bolivia Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanti–Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, UK
Leonardo Maffei
Affiliation:
Wildlife Conservation Society-Bolivia, Casilla 6272, Santa Cruz, Bolivia Jaguar Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Lima, Perú
Erika Cuéllar
Affiliation:
Wildlife Conservation Society-Bolivia, Casilla 6272, Santa Cruz, Bolivia Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanti–Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Abingdon OX13 5QL, UK
Andrew J. Noss
Affiliation:
Wildlife Conservation Society-Bolivia, Casilla 6272, Santa Cruz, Bolivia Wildlife Conservation Society-Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
*
1Corresponding author. Current address: Calama 143, Sucre, Bolivia. Email: a.romeromunoz@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract:

Despite the potential importance of temporal separation for the coexistence of competing species, no study has found significant segregation at the circadian level between jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) in sympatry. Using data from camera trap surveys (wet and dry seasons), we have evaluated the activity patterns of both species and their potential prey at four areas in the dry forest of the Bolivian Chaco. We tested if temporal separation existed between these two species, and if their activity was related to that of a particular prey. At most sites, activity patterns of jaguar and puma did not vary significantly between seasons, except for puma at one site. There were no differences between sexes for any cat species at any site. At three sites we found statistically significant differences in the activity patterns of jaguar and puma, as they showed a clear temporal segregation. None of them followed the activity patterns of any particular prey species across sites. The latter suggests that segregation is influenced by avoidance behaviour between the two felid species. Therefore, temporal separation may be an important behavioural factor promoting the coexistence of jaguar and puma in some areas of this dry forest.

Keywords

activity patternsavoidanceecological separationKaa-Iya National ParkPanthera oncaPuma concolortropical dry forest
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , May 2010 , pp. 303 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LITERATURE CITED

CAROTHERS, J. H. & JAKSIC, F. M. 1984. Time as a niche difference: the role of interference competition. Oikos 42:403–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CARRILLO, E., FULLER, T. K. & SAENZ, J. C. 2009. Jaguar (Panthera onca) hunting activity: effects of prey distribution and availability. Journal of Tropical Ecology 25:563–567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CAVALCANTI, S. M. C. 2008. Predator-prey relationships and spatial ecology of jaguars in the southern Pantanal, Brazil: implications for conservation and management. Ph.D. dissertation, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 140 pp.Google Scholar
CRAWSHAW, P. G. 1987. Top cat in a vast Brazilian marsh. Animal Kingdom 90:12–19.Google Scholar
CREEL, S., SPONG, G. & CREEL, N. M. 2001. Interspecific competition and the population biology of extinction-prone carnivores. Pp. 35–59 in Gittleman, J. L., Funk, S. M., Macdonald, D. W. & Wayne, R. K. (eds.). Carnivore conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
CUÉLLAR, E., MAFFEI, L., ARISPE, R. & NOSS, A. J. 2006. Geoffroy's cats at the northern limit of their range: activity patterns and density estimates from camera trapping in Bolivian dry forests. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 41:169–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DE OLIVEIRA, T. G. 2002. Ecología comparativa de la alimentación del jaguar y del puma en el Neotrópico. Pp. 265–288 in Medellín, R., Equihua, C., Chetkiewicz, C.-L., Crawshaw, P., Rabinowitz, A., Redford, K., Robinson, J., Sanderson, E. & Taber, A. (eds.). El jaguar en el nuevo milenio. Fondo de Cultura Económica, UNAM and WCS, México.Google Scholar
DI BITETTI, M. S., PAVIOLO, A. & DE ANGELO, C. 2006. Density, habitat use and activity patterns of ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) in the Atlantic Forest of Misiones, Argentina. Journal of Zoology 270:153–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DI BITETTI, M. S., PAVIOLO, A., FERRARI, C. A., DE ANGELO, C. & DI BLANCO, Y. 2008. Differential responses to hunting in two sympatric species of brocket deer (Mazama americana and M. nana). Biotropica 40:636–645.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DONADIO, E. & BUSKIRK, S. W. 2006. Diet, morphology, and interspecific killing in Carnivora. American Naturalist 167:524–536.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
EMMONS, L. H. 1987. Comparative feeding ecology of felids in a Neotropical rainforest. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 20:271–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GÓMEZ, H., WALLACE, R. B., AYALA, G. & TEJADA, R. 2005. Dry season activity periods of some Amazonian mammals. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 40:91–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HARMSEN, B. J., FOSTER, R. J., SILVER, S. C., OSTRO, L. E. T. & DONCASTER, C. P. 2009. Spatial and temporal interactions of sympatric jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in a Neotropical forest. Journal of Mammalogy 90:612–620.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HARRINGTON, L. A., HARRINGTON, A. L., YAMAGUCHI, N., THOM, M. D., FERRERAS, P., WINDHAM, T. R. & MACDONALD, D. W. 2009. The impact of native competitors on an alien invasive: temporal niche shifts to avoid interspecific aggression. Ecology 90:1207–1216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IRIARTE, J. A., FRANKLIN, W. L., JOHNSON, W. E. & REDFORD, K. H. 1990. Biogeographic variation of food habits and body size of the America puma. Oecologia 85:185–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
KARANTH, K. U. & NICHOLS, J. D. 1998. Estimation of tiger densities in India using photographic captures and recaptures. Ecology 79:2852–2862.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KARANTH, K. U. & SUNQUIST, M. E. 2000. Behavioural correlates of predation by tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard (Panthera pardus) and dhole (Cuon alpinus) in Nagarahole, India. Journal of Zoology 250:255–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KELLY, M. J., NOSS, A. J., DI BITETTI, M. S., MAFFEI, L., ARISPE, R. L., PAVIOLO, A., DE ANGELO, C. D. & DI BLANCO, Y. E. 2008. Estimating puma densities from camera trapping across three study sites: Bolivia, Argentina, and Belize. Journal of Mammalogy 89:408–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KRONFELD-SCHOR, N. & DAYAN, T. 2003. Partitioning of time as an ecological resource. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34:153–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LIMA, S. L. 2002. Putting predators back into behavioral predator–prey interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17:70–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MAFFEI, L., CUÉLLAR, E. & NOSS, A. J. 2004. One thousand jaguars (Panthera onca) in Bolivia's Chaco? Camera trapping in the Kaa-Iya National Park. Journal of Zoology 262:295–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MENDES PONTES, A. R. & CHIVERS, D. J. 2007. Peccary movements as determinants of the movements of large cats in Brazilian Amazonia. Journal of Zoology 273:257–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
NOSS, A. J., KELLY, M. J., CAMBLOS, H. B. & RUMIZ, D. I. 2006. Pumas y jaguares simpátricos: datos de trampas-cámara en Bolivia y Belize. Pp. 229–237 in Bodmer, R., Puertas, P. & Antunez, M. (eds.). Memorias del quinto congreso de Manejo de fauna silvestre en la Amazonía y Latinoamérica. Universidad Nacional de la Amazonıa Peruana, DICE, University of Kent and WCS, Iquitos, Perú.Google Scholar
NÚÑEZ, R., MILLER, B. & LINDZEY, F. 2002. Ecologia del jaguar en la Reserva de la Biosfera Chamela-Cuixmala, Jalisco, Mexico. Pp. 107–126 in Medellín, R., Equihua, C., Chetkiewicz, C.-L., Crawshaw, P., Rabinowitz, A., Redford, K., Robinson, J., Sanderson, E. & Taber, A. (eds.). El jaguar en el nuevo milenio. Fondo de Cultura Económica, UNAM, and WCS, México.Google Scholar
PALOMARES, F. & CARO, T. M. 1999. Interspecific killing among mammalian carnivores. American Naturalist 153:492–505.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
PAVIOLO, A. N., DI BLANCO, Y. E., DE ANGELO, C. D. & DI BITETTI, M. S. 2009. Protection affects the abundance and activity patterns of pumas in the Atlantic forest. Journal of Mammalogy 90:926–934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RABINOWITZ, A. R. 1986. Jaguar predation on domestic livestock in Belize. Wildlife Society Bulletin 14:170–174.Google Scholar
SCHALLER, G. B. & CRAWSHAW, P. G. 1980. Movement patterns of jaguar. Biotropica 12:161–168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SCHOENER, T. W. 1974. Resource partitioning in ecological communities. Science 185:27–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SCOGNAMILLO, D., MAXIT, I. E., SUNQUIST, M. & POLISAR, J. 2003. Coexistence of jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) in a mosaic landscape in the Venezuelan llanos. Journal of Zoology 259:269–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SILVEIRA, L. 2004. Ecologia comparada e conservação da onça-pintada (Panthera onca) e onça-parda (Puma concolor), no Cerrado e Pantanal. Ph.D. thesis, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil. 240 pp.Google Scholar
SUNQUIST, M. & SUNQUIST, F. 2002. Wild cats of the world. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 452 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
TABER, A. B., NOVARO, A. J., NERIS, N. & COLMAN, F. H. 1997a. The food habits of sympatric jaguar and puma in the Paraguayan Chaco. Biotropica 29:204–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
TABER, A. B., NAVARRO, G. & ARRIBAS, M. A. 1997b. A new park in the Bolivian Gran Chaco – an advance in tropical dry forest conservation and community-based management. Oryx 31:189–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VAN DYKE, F. G., BROCKE, R. H., SHAW, H. G., ACKERMAN, B. B., HEMKER, T. P. & LINDZEY, F. G. 1986. Reactions of mountain lions to logging and human activity. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:95–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VAN SCHAIK, C. P. & GRIFFITHS, M. 1996. Activity periods of Indonesian rain forest mammals. Biotropica 28:105–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ZAR, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical analysis. (Fourth edition). Prentice-Hall, New Jersey. 663 pp.Google Scholar