Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T01:42:07.885Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Lawyers, Mediation, and the Management of Divorce Practice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Despite a widespread assumption that divorce mediation and divorce lawyers are incompatible, lawyers do play active—if largely unexamined—roles in many mediation programs. This article reports on the work of lawyers in a state with mandatory mediation. We find that lawyers in Maine have generally embraced mediation because it helps them manage problems inherent in divorce practice. Mandated divorce mediation facilitates both settlement negotiation and trial preparation, permits client participation in decisionmaking without requiring lawyers to surrender control, provides a forum for resolving both legal and nonlegal issues, and promotes efficient case management.

Type
Lawyers in and Everyday Life: Mediation in Divorce Practice
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by The Law and Society Association.

Footnotes

This research has been supported by grants SES-8910625, SES-8910649, and SES-8911653 from the Law and Social Sciences Division of the National Science Foundation. A sabbatical leave from Bowdoin College for Craig McEwen advanced the preparation of this article. The points of view represented here are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the National Science Foundation. We would like to thank the Law & Society Review editors and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on this article.

References

References

Abel, Richard L. (1985) “Comparative Sociology of Legal Professions: An Exploratory Essay,” 1985 American Bar Foundation Research J. 5.Google Scholar
Alexander, Janet Cooper (1992) “Do the Merits Matter? A Study of Settlements in Securities Class Actions,” 43 Stanford Law Rev. 497.Google Scholar
American Bar Association Section of Legal Education & Admissions to the Bar (1992) Legal Education and Professional Development—An Educational Continuum. Chicago: American Bar Association.Google Scholar
Berger, Vivian (1987) “Born-Again Death,” 87 Columbia Law Rev. 1301.Google Scholar
Binder, David A., Bergman, Paul, & Price, Susan C. (1991) Lawyers as Counselors: A Client Centered Approach. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.Google Scholar
Bryan, Penelope E. (1992) “Killing Us Softly: Divorce Mediation and the Politics of Power,” 40 Buffalo Law Rev. 441.Google Scholar
Bundy, Stephen McG. (1992) “The Policy in Favor of Settlement in an Adversary System,” 44 Hastings Law f. 1.Google Scholar
Cain, Maureen (1979) “The General Practice Lawyer and the Client: Towards a Radical Conception,” 7 International f. of the Sociology of Law 331.Google Scholar
Charbonneau, Paul (1993) “Lawyer-assisted Mediation: Fertile Ground or Minefield?” Presented to American Academy of Family Mediators, Washington, DC, July 1993.Google Scholar
Condlin, Robert J. (1992) “Bargaining in the Dark: The Normative Incoherence of Lawyer Dispute Bargaining Role,” 51 Maryland Law Rev. 1.Google Scholar
Cunningham, Clark D. (1989) “A Tale of Two Clients: Thinking about the Law as Language,” 87 Michigan Law Rev. 2459.Google Scholar
Davis, Gwynn (1988) Partisans and Mediators: The Resolution of Divorce Disputes. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Ellmann, Stephen (1987) “Lawyers and Clients,” 34 UCLA Law Rev. 717.Google Scholar
Emery, Robert E., & Wyer, Melissa M. (1987) “Child Custody Mediation and Litigation: An Experimental Evaluation of the Experience of Parents,” 55/ of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 179.Google Scholar
Erlanger, Howard S., Chambliss, Elizabeth, & Melli, Marygold S. (1987) “Participation and Flexibility in Informal Processes: Cautions from the Divorce Context,” 21 Law& Society Rev. 585.Google Scholar
Felstiner, William L. F., Abel, Richard L., & Sarat, Austin (1980-81) “The Emergence and Transformation of Disputes: Naming, Blaming, Claiming …,” 15 Law & Society Rev. 631.Google Scholar
Felstiner, William L. F., & Sarat, Austin (1992) “Enactments of Power: Negotiating Reality and Responsibility in Lawyer-Client Interactions,” 77 Cornell Law Rev. 1447.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha Albertson (1991) The Illusion of Equality: The Rhetoric and Reality of Divorce Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Flood, John (1991) “Doing Business: The Management of Uncertainty in Lawyers' Work,” 25 Law & Society Rev. 41.Google Scholar
Galanter, Marc (1984) “Worlds of Deals: Using Negotiation to Teach about Legal Process,” 34 J. of Legal Education 268.Google Scholar
Galanter, Marc (1989) “Introduction: Compared to What? Assessing the Quality of Dispute Processing,” 66 Denver Univ. Law Rev. xi.Google Scholar
Genn, Hazel (1987) Hard Bargaining: Out of Court Settlement in Personal Injury Actions. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Gillers, Stephen, & Simon, Roy D. Jr. (1992) Regulation of Lawyers: Statutes and Standards with Recent Supreme Court Decisions. 1992 ed. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Goerdt, John A. (1992) Divorce Courts: Case Management, Case Characteristics, and the Pace of Litigation in 16 Urban Jurisdictions. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts.Google Scholar
Gordon, Robert W. (1988) “The Independence of Lawyers,” 68 Boston Univ. Law Rev. 1.Google Scholar
Greatbatch, David, & Dingwall, Robert (1989) “Selective Facilitation: Some Preliminary Observations on a Strategy Used by Divorce Mediators,” 25 Law & Society Rev. 613.Google Scholar
Griffiths, John (1986) “What Do Dutch Lawyers Actually Do in Divorce Cases?” 20 Law & Society Rev. 135.Google Scholar
Grillo, Trina (1991) “The Mediation Alternative: Process Dangers for Women,” 100 Yale Law J. 1545.Google Scholar
Heinz, John P., & Laumann, Edward O. (1982) Chicago Lawyers: The Social Structure of the Bar. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Hyman, Jonathan M. (1987) “Trial Advocacy and Methods of Negotiation: Can Good Trial Advocates Be Wise Negotiators?” 34 UCLA Law Rev. 863.Google Scholar
Ingleby, Richard (1991) In the Ball Park: Alternative Dispute Resolution and the Courts. Victoria: Australian Institute of Judicial Adminstration.Google Scholar
Ingleby, Richard (1992) Solicitors and Divorce. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Jacob, Herbert (1992) “The Elusive Shadow of the Law,” 26 Law & Society Rev. 565.Google Scholar
Judicial Council of California (1990) Profile: Child Custody Mediation and Evaluation Services in California Superior Courts. San Francisco: Judicial Council of California, Administrative Office of the Courts.Google Scholar
Kressel, Kenneth (1985) The Process of Divorce: How Professionals and Couples Negotiate Settlements. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kritzer, Herbert M. (1991) Let's Make a Deal. Madison: Univ. of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Maiman, Richard J., Mather, Lynn, & McEwen, Craig A. (1992) “Gender and Specialization in the Practice of Divorce Law,” 44 Maine Law Rev. 39.Google Scholar
Maine Court Mediation Service (1982) Mediation in Maine: Five Years of Progress. Portland: Court Mediation Service, State of Maine Judicial Dept.Google Scholar
Maine Court Mediation Service (1988) Mediation: Ten Years of Progress, The Court and Mediation Service 1977–1987. Portland: Court Mediation Service, State of Maine Judicial Dept.Google Scholar
Maine Judicial Department (1987) 1986 Annual Report. Portland: Administrative Office of the Courts, State of Maine Judicial Dept.Google Scholar
Maine Judicial Department (1990) Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1989. Portland: Administrative Office of the Courts, State of Maine Judicial Dept.Google Scholar
Mather, Lynn, Maiman, Richard J., & McEwen, Craig A. (1991) “Negotiating a Divorce: Differences among Lawyers.” Presented at Law & Society Association Annual Meeting, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Mather, Lynn, & Yngvesson, Barbara (1980–81) “Language, Audience, and the Transformation of Disputes,” 15 Law & Society Rev. 775.Google Scholar
MacCoun, Robert J. (1991) “Unintended Consequences of Court Arbitration: A Cautionary Tale from New Jersey,” 14 Justice System J. 229.Google Scholar
McCrory, John P. (1987) “Legal and Practical Issues in Divorce Mediation: An American Perspective,” in Vermont Law School Dispute Resolution Project, The Role of Mediation in Divorce Proceedings: A Comparative Perspective. South Royalton, VT: Vermont Law School.Google Scholar
McEwen, Craig A., Maiman, Richard J., & Mather, Lynn (1991) “Divorce Lawyer Role Conceptions and the Specialization of Divorce Law Practice.” Presented at Law & Society Association Annual Meeting, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Menkel-Meadow, Carrie (1984) “Toward Another View of Legal Negotiation: The Structure of Problem Solving,” 31 UCLA Law Rev. 754.Google Scholar
Menkel-Meadow, Carrie (1991) “Pursuing Settlement in an Adversary Culture: A Tale of Innovation Co-opted or The Law of ADR,*” 19 Florida State Univ. Law Rev. 1.Google Scholar
Menkel-Meadow, Carrie (1993) “Lawyer Negotiation: Theories and Realities—What We Learn from Mediation,” 56 Modern Law Rev. 361.Google Scholar
Mnookin, Robert H., & Kornhauser, Lewis (1979) “Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law: The Case of Divorce,” 88 Yale Law J. 950.Google Scholar
Nader, Laura (1984) “The Recurrent Dialectic between Legality and Its Alternatives: The Limitations of Binary Thinking,” 132 Univ. of Pennsylvania Law Rev. 621.Google Scholar
O'Gorman, Hubert (1963) Lawyers and Matrimonial Cases: A Study of Informal Pressures in Private Professional Practice. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Olson, Susan M. (1984) Clients and Lawyers: Securing the Rights of Disabled Persons. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Orbeton, Jane (1987) “Domestic Relations Mediation in Maine,” in Vermont Law School Dispute Resolution Project, The Role of Mediation in Divorce Proceedings: A Comparative Perspective. South Royalton: Vermont Law School.Google Scholar
Pearson, Jessica, & Thoennes, Nancy (1985) “Divorce Mediation: An Overview of Research Results,” 19 Columbia J. of Law & Social Problems 451.Google Scholar
Thoennes, Nancy (1989) “Divorce Mediation: Reflections on a Decade of Research,” in Kressel, K. & Pruitt, D. G., eds., Mediation Research: The Process and Effectiveness of Third-Party Intervention. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Riskin, Leonard L. (1982) “Mediation and Lawyers,” 43 Ohio State Law J. 29.Google Scholar
Rogers, Nancy H., & McEwen, Craig A. (1989) Mediation: Law, Policy, Practice. Rochester NY: Lawyers Co-operative.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Joshua D. (1991) “In Defense of Mediation,” 33 Arizona Law Rev. 467.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, Douglas E. (1974) Lawyer and Client: Who's in Charge? New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Rubin, Jeffrey Z., & Sander, Frank E. A. (1988) “When Should We Use Agents: Direct vs. Representative Negotiation,” 4 Negotiation J. 395.Google Scholar
Ryan, Judith (1992) “Mediator Strategies for Lawyers” 30 Family & Conciliation Courts Rev. 364.Google Scholar
Sarat, Austin, & Felstiner, William L. F. (1986) “Law and Strategy in the Divorce Lawyer's Office,” 20 Law & Society Rev. 93.Google Scholar
Felstiner, William L. F. (1988) “Law and Social Relations: Vocabularies of Motive in Lawyer/Client Interaction,” 22 Law & Society Rev. 737.Google Scholar
Schön, Donald (1983) The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Siemer, Deanne C. (1991) “Perspectives of Advocates and Clients on Court-sponsored ADR,” in Sander, F. E. A., ed., Emerging ADR Issues in State and Federal Courts. Chicago: Litigation Section, American Bar Association.Google Scholar
Strauss, Marcy (1987) “Essay: Toward a Revised Model of Attorney-Client Relationship: The Argument for Autonomy,” 65 North Carolina Law Rev. 315.Google Scholar
Talcott, Bruce W. (1989) “Court-ordered Mediation in Florida,” in Erickson, S. K., ed., Legal Issues Affecting the Practice of Mediation. Mediation Q., no. 23. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Yale Law Journal (1976) “The Unauthorized Practice of Law and Pro Se Divorce: An Empirical Analysis,” 86 Yale Law J. 104.Google Scholar

Statute Cited

Maine Revised Statutes Annotated title 19, § 752 (West 1981 & Supp. 1992).Google Scholar