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Fuzzy Rule Based Classification and Quantification of Graphite Inclusions from Microstructure Images of Cast Iron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2011

Pattan Prakash ,
V.D. Mytri  and
P.S. Hiremath
Pattan Prakash*
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, PDA College of Engineering, Gulbarga-585102 (Karnataka State), India
V.D. Mytri
Affiliation:
GND Collegeof Engineering, Bidar-585403 (Karnataka State), India
P.S. Hiremath
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga 585106 (Karnataka State), India
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: prakashpattan@gmail.com
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Abstract

The quantification of three classes of graphite inclusions in cast iron, namely, nodular, flake, and irregular, is the most important process in the foundry industry. This classification is based on the ISO 945 proposed morphology of graphite inclusions. This work presents a novel solution for automatic quantitative analysis of graphite inclusions into the three mentioned classes. The proposed work comprises three stages, namely, preprocessing of micrographs, classification of graphite inclusions, and then quantification of inclusions in each class. An effort has been made in this work to propose a minimum set of features to represent graphite inclusion morphology. The method employs just two geometric shape descriptors: the diameter ratio and the area ratio. A fuzzy rule based classifier is built using known feature values that are efficient in the classification of the three classes of graphite inclusions. The proposed method is automatic, fast, and provides the basis for determining many more morphological parameters that can be determined with the least effort. The results obtained by the proposed method are compared with the manual method. It is observed that the results obtained from the proposed method are useful in the optimization of cast iron manufacturing in the foundry industry.

Keywords

ISO 945fuzzy systemcast irongrain morphology
Type
Software and Techniques Development
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 17 , Issue 6 , December 2011 , pp. 896 - 902
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2011

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References

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