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Anatomy, Histochemistry, and Antifungal Activity of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae) Leaf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2015

Vanessa de A. Royo ,
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões ,
Leonardo M. Ribeiro ,
Dario A. de Oliveira ,
Marcela Magda R. Aguiar ,
Ellenhise R. Costa  and
Perácio Rafael B. Ferreira
Vanessa de A. Royo
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Leonardo M. Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Micropropagação, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Dario A. de Oliveira
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Recursos Genéticos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Marcela Magda R. Aguiar
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Ellenhise R. Costa
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
Perácio Rafael B. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Recursos Genéticos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Pr. Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG 39401-089, Brasil
*
*Corresponding author. omercadante@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Leaves of Anacardium humile are used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of intestinal disturbances and skin lesions. This study aimed to define leaf diagnostic structural characters, to propose a new method of phytochemical analysis of secretions, prospect flavonoids and alkaloids, and to evaluate their inhibitory activity on Candida albicans. Common anatomical, phytochemical, and microbiological methods were used. Leaves of Anacardium occidentale were used as a reference for the structural analyses. The main structural characters were closed vascular system, absence of ducts at the medulla, bilateral mesophyll, absence of bundle sheath extension, and secretory idioblasts at the xylem. The ducts present schizogenous origin, and secreting activity is restricted to the initial phases of leaf blade expansion. The proposed new phytochemical method is practical and inexpensive and has potential for wide application. The abundance of tannins and flavonoids is related to medicinal use. A single peak in high-performance liquid chromatography indicated the presence of a pure substance not previously reported. The extract had a strong inhibitory effect on C. albicans. The obtained results confirm the potential of A. humile for the prospection of new bioactive compounds.

Keywords

Anacardium occidentalexenomorphic characterssecreting structuresCandida albicansphytochemistry
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 21 , Issue 6 , December 2015 , pp. 1549 - 1561
Copyright
© Microscopy Society of America 2015 

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