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Effect of Ultra-Small Chitosan Nanoparticles Doped with Brimonidine on the Ultra-Structure of the Trabecular Meshwork of Glaucoma Patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2019

Indu Barwal ,
Rahul Kumar ,
Tanuj Dada  and
Subhash Chandra Yadav
Indu Barwal
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Nanotechnology Lab, Electron Microscope Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
Rahul Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Nanotechnology Lab, Electron Microscope Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
Tanuj Dada
Affiliation:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
Subhash Chandra Yadav*
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, Nanotechnology Lab, Electron Microscope Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
*
*Author for correspondence: Subhash Chandra Yadav, E-mail: subhashmbu@gmail.com
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Abstract

Brimonidine, an anti-glaucoma medicine, acts as an adrenergic agonist which decreases the synthesis of aqueous humour and increases the amount of drainage through Schlemm's canal and trabecular meshwork, but shows dose-dependent (0.2% solution thrice daily) toxicity. To reduce the side effects and improve the efficacy, brimonidine was nanoencapsulated on ultra-small-sized chitosan nanoparticles (nanobrimonidine) (28 ± 4 nm) with 39% encapsulation efficiency, monodispersity, freeze–thawing capability, storage stability, and 2% drug loading capacity. This nanocomplex showed burst, half, and complete release at 0.5, 45, and 100 h, respectively. Nanobrimonidine did not show any in vitro toxicity and was taken up by caveolae-mediated endocytosis. The nanobrimonidine-treated trabeculectomy tissue of glaucoma patients showed better dilation of the trabecular meshwork under the electron microscope. This is direct evidence for better bioavailability of nanobrimonidine after topical administration. Thus, the developed nanobrimonidine has the potential to improve the efficacy, reduce dosage and frequency, and improve delivery to the anterior chamber of the eye.

Keywords

brimonidineglaucomananobrimonidinenanoencapsulationultra-small chitosan nanoparticles
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 25 , Issue 6 , December 2019 , pp. 1352 - 1366
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2019 

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