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In Vitro Characterization of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Palatal Subepithelial Tissue Grafts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2013

Alexandra Roman ,
Andrada Şoancă ,
Adrian Florea  and
Emőke Páll
Alexandra Roman
Affiliation:
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 Victor Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Andrada Şoancă
Affiliation:
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 Victor Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Adrian Florea*
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur St., 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Emőke Páll
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: aflorea@umfcluj.ro, adrian_a_florea@yahoo.com
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze whether the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from palatal tissue grafts harvested in order to cover gingival recessions have the basic characteristics of stem cells. The palatal tissue cells were processed using a special culture medium that stimulated the development of only undifferentiated cellular lines. Cells at passage 4 were evaluated by flow cytometry to examine the expression of specific surface markers and were tested for multilineage differentiation capacity. These cells collected at passage 4 were also investigated for the capacity to cluster into embryoid body aggregates. Palatal MSCs displayed positive staining for the mesenchymal markers CD29, CD73, CD105, CD 49e, and CD44, but did not express hematopoietic markers CD34/45. The palatal MSCs successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. When seeded in special conditions, palatal MSCs propagated into unattached spheres resembling embryoid body aggregates consisting both of differentiated and undifferentiated cells as revealed at the ultrastructural evaluation. It is concluded that the isolated palatal MSCs fulfilled the basic criteria defining the stem cells. This new source of stem cells characterized here for the first time opens new perspectives on possible applications in basic research and in regenerative medicine.

Keywords

stem cellstissue graftdifferentiationadipose tissuemicroscopyultrastructure
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 2013 , pp. 370 - 380
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2013

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