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Pluripotent Stem Cells and Reprogrammed Cells in Farm Animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 June 2011

Monika Nowak-Imialek ,
Wilfried Kues ,
Joseph W. Carnwath  and
Heiner Niemann
Monika Nowak-Imialek
Affiliation:
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics (FLI), Biotechnology, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
Wilfried Kues
Affiliation:
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics (FLI), Biotechnology, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
Joseph W. Carnwath
Affiliation:
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics (FLI), Biotechnology, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
Heiner Niemann*
Affiliation:
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics (FLI), Biotechnology, Mariensee, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: heiner.niemann@fli.bund.de
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Abstract

Pluripotent cells are unique because of their ability to differentiate into the cell lineages forming the entire organism. True pluripotent stem cells with germ line contribution have been reported for mice and rats. Human pluripotent cells share numerous features of pluripotentiality, but confirmation of their in vivo capacity for germ line contribution is impossible due to ethical and legal restrictions. Progress toward derivation of embryonic stem cells from domestic species has been made, but the derived cells were not able to produce germ line chimeras and thus are termed embryonic stem-like cells. However, domestic animals, in particular the domestic pig (Sus scrofa), are excellent large animals models, in which the clinical potential of stem cell therapies can be studied. Reprogramming technologies for somatic cells, including somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, in vitro culture in the presence of cell extracts, in vitro conversion of adult unipotent spermatogonial stem cells into germ line derived pluripotent stem cells, and transduction with reprogramming factors have been developed with the goal of obtaining pluripotent, germ line competent stem cells from domestic animals. This review summarizes the present state of the art in the derivation and maintenance of pluripotent stem cells in domestic animals.

Keywords

pluripotencygerm linereprogrammingblastocystinduced pluripotent stem cells
Type
Review Article
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , August 2011 , pp. 474 - 497
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2011

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References

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