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The Preimaginal Phases and Development of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae) on Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2009

José Tormos ,
Francisco Beitia ,
Elias A. Böckmann ,
Josep D. Asís  and
Severiano Fernández
José Tormos*
Affiliation:
Área de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37071-Salamanca, Spain
Francisco Beitia
Affiliation:
Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA/CIB-CSIC, Apartado Oficial, 46113-Montcada, Valencia, Spain
Elias A. Böckmann
Affiliation:
Área de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37071-Salamanca, Spain
Josep D. Asís
Affiliation:
Área de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37071-Salamanca, Spain
Severiano Fernández
Affiliation:
Área de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37071-Salamanca, Spain
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: tormos@usal.es
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Abstract

The development and morphology of the immature phases of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875) (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae) are described from a laboratory rearing culture maintained on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera, Tephritidae) using microscopic techniques, including light and scanning electron microscopy. The surface of the chorion of the egg is granulated, and the micropyle occurs at the anterior end. The labrum of the first instar larva does not have sensilla, and the second to fourth instar larvae have setae on the head. The mature larva is characterized by the position and number of the integumental differentations (sensilla and setae). On completion of larval development, an adecticous and exarate pupa is produced. As for the adult, the mandibles of the pupae are toothed. Five larval instars are recorded, based on statistical analyses of the sizes of the larval mandibles in combination with characters such as the number of exuviae and excretion of the meconium. Developmental time from egg to adult emergence was ∼18–20 days for males and ∼21–23 days for females at 21–26°C, 55–85 relative humidity, and a 16L:8D photoperiod. The results show that the eggs and different larval instars of this parasitoid can be unambiguously identified only by scanning electron microscope.

Keywords

Pteromalidaeimmature phasesscanning electron microscopyTephritidaemanagement purposes
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 15 , Issue 5 , October 2009 , pp. 422 - 434
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2009

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