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Surface and Mechanical Characterization of Dental Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals (3Y-TZP) After Different Aging Processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2016

Palena A. Pinto ,
Guillaume Colas ,
Tobin Filleter  and
Grace M. De Souza
Palena A. Pinto
Affiliation:
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Edward Street #352E, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1G6
Guillaume Colas
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road #MB115, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8
Tobin Filleter
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road #MB115, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G8
Grace M. De Souza*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Edward Street #352E, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1G6
*
*Corresponding author. grace.desouza@dentistry.utoronto.ca
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Abstract

Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP) is a ceramic material used in indirect dental restorations. However, phase transformation at body temperature may compromise the material’s mechanical properties, affecting the clinical performance of the restoration. The effect of mastication on 3Y-TZP aging has not been investigated. 3Y-TZP specimens (IPS E-max ZirCAD and Z5) were aged in three different modes (n=13): no aging (control), hydrothermal aging (HA), or chewing simulation (CS). Mechanical properties and surface topography were analyzed. Analysis of variance showed that neither aging protocol (p=0.692) nor material (p=0.283) or the interaction between them (p=0.216) had a significant effect on flexural strength, values ranged from 928.8 MPa (IPSHA) to 1,080.6 MPa (Z5HA). Nanoindentation analysis showed that material, aging protocol, and the interaction between them had a significant effect (p<0.001) on surface hardness and reduced Young’s modulus. The compositional analysis revealed similar yttrium content for all the experimental conditions (aging: p=0.997; material: p=0.248; interaction material×aging: p=0.720). Atomic force microscopy showed an effect of aging protocols on phase transformation, with samples submitted to CS exhibiting features compatible with maximized phase transformation, such as increased volume of the material microstructure at the surface leading to an increase in surface roughness.

Keywords

zirconiahydrothermal agingchewing simulatorlow-temperature degradationdental materials
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 22 , Issue 6 , December 2016 , pp. 1179 - 1188
Copyright
© Microscopy Society of America 2016 

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