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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 March 2018
Confocal microscopy is a collection of optical techniques that are applied in a variety of hardware configurations. Design strategies for the application of these techniques have generally used laser light (Pawley, 1990). In most laboratories, basic research use has employed laser light in conjunction with a fluorescent substrate to generate an optical signal, either through direct application of a fluorescent material to cells or by the stimulation of a chromophore associated with an antibody which will identify a cellular protein under some specified experimental conditions, The use of confocal microscopy in this type of situation generally requires a standard research microscope, and the tissue may be situated on a slide or other type of container that will provide a stable, controlled environment.