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Applications of time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction to cation exchange, crystal growth and biomineralization reactions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

P. J. Heaney ,
J. E. Post ,
T. B. Fischer ,
D. R. Hummer ,
C. L. Lopano  and
A. J. Wall
P. J. Heaney*
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
J. E. Post
Affiliation:
Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History NHB 119, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
T. B. Fischer
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
D. R. Hummer
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
C. L. Lopano
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
A. J. Wall
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
*
*E-mail: heaney@geosc.psu.edu
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Abstract

Advances in the design of environmental reaction cells and in the collection of X-ray diffraction data are transforming our ability to study mineral-fluid interactions. The resulting increase in time resolution now allows for the determination of rate laws for mineral reactions that are coupled to atomic-scale changes in crystal structure. Here we address the extension of time-resolved synchrotron diffraction techniques to four areas of critical importance to the cycling of metals in soils: (1) cation exchange; (2) biomineralization; (3) stable isotope fractionation during redox reactions; and (4) nucleation and growth of nanoscale oxyhydroxides.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 72 , Issue 1 , February 2008 , pp. 179 - 184
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2008

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