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Graftonite-(Mn), ideally M1MnM2,M3Fe2(PO4)2, and graftonite-(Ca), ideally M1CaM2,M3Fe2(PO4)2, two new minerals of the graftonite group from Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2018

Adam Pieczka ,
Frank C. Hawthorne ,
Neil Ball ,
Yassir Abdu ,
Bożena Gołębiowska ,
Adam Włodek  and
Jan Żukrowski
Adam Pieczka*
Affiliation:
AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, 30-059 Kraków, Mickiewicza 30, Poland
Frank C. Hawthorne
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
Neil Ball
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
Yassir Abdu
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Bożena Gołębiowska
Affiliation:
AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, 30-059 Kraków, Mickiewicza 30, Poland
Adam Włodek
Affiliation:
AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, 30-059 Kraków, Mickiewicza 30, Poland
Jan Żukrowski
Affiliation:
AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Center for Materials and Nanotechnology, 30-059 Kraków, Mickiewicza 30, Poland
*
*E-mail: pieczka@agh.edu.pl
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Abstract

Two new minerals of the graftonite group, graftonite-(Mn), ideally M(1)MnM(2),M(3)Fe2(PO4)2, and graftonite-(Ca), ideally M(1)CaM(2),M(3)Fe2(PO4)2, were discovered in phosphate nodules of two beryl–columbite–phosphate pegmatites at Lutomia and Michałkowa, respectively, in the Góry Sowie Block, Lower Silesia, southwest Poland. Graftonite-(Mn) is pinkish brown, whereas graftonite-(Ca) shows more brownish colouration. Both minerals have a vitreous lustre, a good cleavage observed along (010) and irregular fracture; both are transparent and neither of them is fluorescent. They are brittle and have a Mohs hardness of ~5. The minerals are non-pleochroic, colourless in all orientations, biaxial (+), with mean refractive indices α = 1.710(2) and 1.690(2), β = 1.713(2) and 1.692(2), and γ = 1.725(2) and 1.710(5), respectively. With complete order of Ca at the M(1) site, the formulae of the holotype crystals are M(1)(Mn0.70Ca0.30)M(2),M(3)(Fe1.34Mn0.60Mg0.06Zn0.01)Σ3(PO4)2 for graftonite-(Mn) and M(1)(Ca0.98Mn0.02)M(2),M(3)(Fe1.38Mn0.56Mg0.05)Σ3(PO4)2 for graftonite-(Ca). Both crystal chemistry and crystal-structure refinement (R1 = 2.34 and 1.63%, respectively) indicate that the M(1) site is occupied dominantly by Mn in graftonite-(Mn) and by Ca in graftonite-(Ca), and the M(2) and M(3) sites are occupied by Fe2+ and Mn2+, with Fe2+ dominant over Mn2+ at the aggregate M(2) + M(3) sites. Graftonite-(Mn) and graftonite-(Ca) are isostructural with graftonite, M(1)FeM(2),M(3)Fe2(PO4)2 (monoclinic system; space-group symmetry P21/c), with the unit-cell parameters a = 8.811(2) Å, b = 11.494(2) Å, c = 6.138(1) Å, β = 99.23(3)° and V = 613.5(4) Å3, and a = 8.792(2) Å, b = 11.743(2) Å, c = 6.169(1) Å, β = 99.35(3)° and V = 628.5(1) Å3, respectively. The densities calculated on the basis of molar weights and unit-cell volumes are 3.793 g/cm3 for graftonite-(Mn) and 3.592 g/cm3 for graftonite-(Ca). The eight strongest lines in powder X-ray diffraction patterns on the basis of single-crystal data are, respectively [d, Å, I (hkl)]: 2.874, 100, (230 + 040); 2.858, 79, (221); 3.506, 73, (130); 2.717, 79, ($\bar{3}$11); 2.952, 55, (131); 2.916, 53, ($\bar{1}$12); 2.899, 44, (300); 3.016, 35, ($\bar{1}$02); and 3.654, 100, (130); 2.979, 85, (221); 3.014, 77, (230); 3.042, 76, (040 + $\bar{1}$12); 2.834, 68, ($\bar{3}$11); 3.097, 57, (131); 3.133, 56, ($\bar{1}$02); 2.542, 30, (311). Both minerals are common primary phosphates in phosphate nodules, occurring as lamellar intergrowths with sarcopside ± triphylite/lithiophilite, products of exsolution from a (Li,Ca)-rich graftonite-like parent phase crystallized at high temperature from P-bearing hydrosaline melts.

Keywords

graftonite-(Mn)graftonite-(Ca)Góry Sowie BlockPoland
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 82 , Issue 6 , December 2018 , pp. 1307 - 1322
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2019 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Giancarlo Della Ventura

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