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Mineral phases and element composition of the copper hyperaccumulator lichen Lecanora polytropa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

O. W. Purvis ,
B. Pawlik-Skowrońska ,
G. Cressey ,
G. C. Jones ,
A. Kearsley  and
J. Spratt
O. W. Purvis*
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
B. Pawlik-Skowrońska
Affiliation:
Centre for Ecological Research, PAS at Dziekanów Leśny, Experimental Station, Niecała 18, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
G. Cressey
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
G. C. Jones
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
A. Kearsley
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
J. Spratt
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
*
*E-mail: w.purvis@nhm.ac.uk
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Abstract

Mineral phases and element localization were investigated in the vivid turquoise-coloured lichen, Lecanora polytropa, sampled from a psammite boulder in a wall supporting mine spoil at the abandoned copper mine, Riddarhyttan Kopparverke, southern Sweden. Normally pale yellowish (usnic acid), the lichen is turquoise coloured internally with bluish inclusions. X-ray mapping shows that Cu occurs on and within the lichen and does not coincide with P or S, suggesting that it is indeed associated with carbon or other elements not detected (or reported) using X-ray mapping. Scanning electron microscopy in back-scatter mode confirmed that the greatest Cu concentrations occur in the form of crystalline aggregates in coloured inclusions below the major internal turquoise layer with smaller Cu contents. X-ray diffraction with a position-sensitive detector (XRD-PSD) confirmed coloured crystalline aggregates consisted of the copper oxalate, moolooite. The study confirms the value of XRD-PSD as a non-destructive tool to characterize small (~50 μm) metal oxalate inclusions obtained from within lichen samples.

Keywords

lichenLecanora polytropacoppermineXRD-PSDsouthern Sweden
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 72 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 607 - 616
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2008

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