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Synthesis and Characterization of Empty Silicon Clathrates for Anode Applications in Li-ion Batteries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 June 2016

Kwai S. Chan ,
Michael A. Miller ,
Carol Ellis-Terrell  and
Candace K. Chan
Kwai S. Chan*
Affiliation:
Southwest Research Institute® , 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238-5166, U.S.A.
Michael A. Miller
Affiliation:
Southwest Research Institute® , 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238-5166, U.S.A.
Carol Ellis-Terrell
Affiliation:
Southwest Research Institute® , 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238-5166, U.S.A.
Candace K. Chan
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, ECG 301, Tempe, AZ 85287-8706, U.S.A.
*
*(Email: kchan@swri.org)
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Abstract

Several processing methods were developed and evaluated for synthesizing empty silicon clathrates. A solution synthesis method based on the Hofmann-elimination oxidation reaction was successfully utilized to produce 20 mg of empty Si46. Half-cells using the Si46 electrodes were successfully cycled for 1000 cycles at rate of 5.3C. The capacity of the Si46 electrode in long-term tests was 675 mAh/g at the 4th cycle, but increased to 809 mAh/g at 50 cycles. The corresponding Coulombic efficiency was better than 99%. The capacity dropped from 809 to 553 mAh/g after 1000 cycles while maintaining a 99% Coulombic efficiency. In comparison, a Ba8Al8Si38 electrode could be cycled for about 200 cycles with a lower capacity and Coulombic efficiency. Potential applications of empty silicon clathrates as anode materials in Li-ion batteries are discussed.

Keywords

clathratesenergy storagechemical synthesis
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 1 , Issue 45: Energy and Environment , 2016 , pp. 3043 - 3048
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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References

REFERENCES

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