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Microscopy techniques for investigating the control of organic constituents on biomineralization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2015

Coit T. Hendley IV
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, USA; cth34@cornell.edu
Jinhui Tao
Affiliation:
Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA; jinhui.tao@pnnl.gov
Jennie A.M.R. Kunitake
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, USA; jar566@cornell.edu
James J. De Yoreo
Affiliation:
Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, USA; james.deyoreo@pnnl.gov
Lara A. Estroff
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, USA; lae37@cornell.edu
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Abstract

This article addresses recent advances in the application of microscopy techniques to characterize crystallization processes as they relate to biomineralization and bioinspired materials synthesis. In particular, we focus on studies aimed at revealing the role organic macromolecules and functionalized surfaces play in modulating the mechanisms of nucleation and growth. In nucleation studies, we explore the use of methods such as in situ transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cryogenic electron microscopy to delineate formation pathways, phase stabilization, and the competing effects of free energy and kinetic barriers. In growth studies, we emphasize understanding the interactions of macromolecular constituents with growing crystals and characterization of the internal structures of the resulting composite crystals using techniques such as electron tomography, atom probe tomography, and vibrational spectromicroscopy. Examples are drawn from both biological and bioinspired synthetic systems.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

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