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A Multi-Phasic, Continuum Damage Mechanics Model of Mechanically Induced Increased Permeability in Tissues*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2011

Brian O’Neill ,
Timothy P Quinn ,
Victor Frenkel  and
King C P Li
Brian O’Neill
Affiliation:
oneillb@boulder.nist.gov, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, United States, 303-497-4751, 303-497-5030
Timothy P Quinn
Affiliation:
quinn@boulder.nist.gov, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, United States
Victor Frenkel
Affiliation:
vfrenkel@cc.nih.gov, National Institutes of Health, Diagnostic Radiology Department, United States
King C P Li
Affiliation:
KingLi@cc.nih.gov, National Institutes of Health, Diagnostic Radiology Department, United States
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Abstract

Recently, we have reported enhanced permeability of tissues due to in vivo treatment with pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU). This new therapy has shown promise as a way of increasing the penetration of large drug molecules, both out of the vasculature and through the tissue. To date, no clear physical model of tissue exists that can account for these effects.

A new model is proposed that clearly establishes the link between tissue structure and fluid flow properties on one hand, and the history of applied mechanical forces on the other. The model draws inspiration from two different theoretical fields of materials science, multi-phase theory and continuum damage mechanics. The theory differs from the traditional bi-phasic solid-fluid model of tissues in that the fluid part here is broken into trapped (moving with the solid) and free (moving through the solid) parts. A damage-like variable links the effective elasticity of the tissue to the ratio of the trapped to free fluids. As the damage increases, the tissue becomes, in effect, less stiff and more permeable. Release of elastic energy drives the process. A distribution of energy barriers opposes the process and governs how the fluid is released as damage increases.

Keywords

tissueacousticfluid
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 898: Symposium L – Mechanical Behavior of Biological and Biomimetic Materials , 2005 , 0898-L02-05
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

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Footnotes

*

Contribution of the U.S. Department of Commerce; not subject to copyright in the United States.

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