Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T09:05:31.241Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Recuperative memory in Romanian post-Communist society

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Simona Mitroiu*
Affiliation:
Department of Interdisciplinary Research in Social-Human Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Lascar Catargi 54, Iaşi 700107, Romania
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This paper explores the idea of “recuperative memory” with respect to the process of coming to terms with the past after the fall of the Romanian Communist regime in 1989. Its method is to examine the mechanisms used by recuperative memory in order to re-appropriate the past and emphasize the inherently mediated and multifaceted nature of this process. Using various examples from oral testimonies, autobiographical writings, literary works, and cinema, the paper argues that the role of recuperative memory is not only to facilitate the process of coming to terms with the past, but also to offer the material necessary to sustain a viable politics of memory. This entails providing a platform for the intergenerational transmission of memory and knowledge for those who did not live under the Communist regime, filling in this way the intergenerational gap, despite the lack of political class engagement.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

References

Andreescu, Gabriel. 2013. Carturari, opozanti si documente. Manipularea Arhivei Securitati. Iasi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Assmann, Aleida. 2006. “History, Memory, and the Genre of Testimony.” Poetics Today 27 (2): 261273.Google Scholar
Assmann, Aleida. 2012. “To Remember or to Forget: Which Way Out of a Shared History of Violence?” In Memory and Political Change, edited by Assmann, Aleida and Shortt, Linda, 5371. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
de Brito, Barahona, Alexandra, , Gonzáles Enríquez, Carmen, and Aguilar, Paloma, eds. 2001. The Politics of Memory. Transnational Justice in Democratizing Societies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Beşliu, Raluca. 2014. “Communist nostalgia in Romania.” Open Democracy. Accessed July 17, 2015. https://www.opendemocracy.net/can-europe-make-it/raluca-besliu/Communist-nostalgia-in-romania.Google Scholar
Betea, Lavinia. 2010. Poveşti din cartierul Primăverii. Bucuresti: Curtea Veche.Google Scholar
Bickford, Louis, and Sodaro, Amy. 2010. “Remembering Yesterday to Protect Tomorrow: The Internationalization of a New Commemorative Paradigm.” In Memory and the Future. Transnational Politics, Ethics and Society, edited by Yifat Gutman, Adam D. Brown, and Amy Sodaro. 66-86. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Brockhaus, Gudrun. “The Emotional Legacy of the National Socialist Past in Post-War Germany.” In Memory and Political Change, edited by Assmann, Aleida and Shortt, Linda, 3449. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Burcea, Mihai, and Stan, Marius. [2009] 2011. Dicţionarul ofiţerilor şi angajaţilor civili ai Direcţiei Generale a Penitenciarelor, 2 vols. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Cesereanu, Ruxandra. 2005. Gulagul ìn constiinţa romănescă. Memorialistica şi literatura ìnchisorilor şi lagărelor comuniste. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Cesereanu, Ruxandra. 2008. “Representations of the Gulag in the Romanian Detention Memoirs.” Echinox 15. Accessed January 14, 2014. http://phantasma.lett.ubbcluj.ro.Google Scholar
Chertiţie, Ioan. 2011. Am fast torţionar. Confesiunile unui gardian. Bucureşti: Editura Ştefan.Google Scholar
Ciobanu, Monica. 2011. “Rewriting and Remembering Romanian Communism: Some Controversial Issues.” Nationalities Papers 39 (2): 205221.Google Scholar
Connerton, Paul. 1996. How Societies Remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Constante, Lena. 1995. The Silent Escape. Three Thousand Days in Romanian Prisons. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Coposu, Corneliu. 1998. Confessions. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs.Google Scholar
Corbeanu, Nicolae. 2002. Vara transfugului. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Diaconescu, Ion. 2003. Temniţa, destinul generaţiei noastre. Bucureşti: Nemira.Google Scholar
Dix, Holger, and Rebegea, Corina. 2010. “The Short History of the Romanian Lustration Law.” Accessed July 20, 2015. www.kas.de/rspsoe.Google Scholar
Dobre, Florica, ed. 2006. Securitatea. Structuri/cadre. Obiective si metode (1948-1989), 2 vols. Bucuresti: Editura Enciclopedica.Google Scholar
Dragomir, Elena. 2011. “In Romania Opinion Polls show Nostalgia for Communism.” Accessed July 15, 2015. http://www.balkanalysis.com/romania/2011/12/27/in-romania-opinion-polls-show-nostalgia-for-Communism/.Google Scholar
Erll, Astrid, and Rigney, Anne. 2006. “Literature and the Production of Cultural Memory: Introduction.” European Journal of English Studies 10 (2): 111115.Google Scholar
Erll, Astrid, and Rigney, Ann, eds. 2009. Mediation, Remediation, and the Dynamics of Cultural Memory. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Florescu, Ghoerghe. [2008] 2014. Confesiunile unui cafegiu. Bucuresti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Georgescu, Diana. 2010. “Ceauşescu hasn't Died. Irony as Countermemory in Post-socialist Romania.” In Post-Communist Nostalgia, edited by Todorova, Maria and Gille, Zsuzsa, 155176. New York: Berghahn.Google Scholar
Giurescu, C. C. 1994. Five Years and Two Months in the Sighet Penitentiary (May 7, 1950-July 5, 1955). Boulder, CO: East European Monographs.Google Scholar
Gonzáles Enríquez, Carmen. 2001. “De-communization and Political Justice in Central and Eastern Europe.” In The Politics of Memory, edited by Alexandra Barahona de Brito, Carmen Gonzáles Enríquez, and Aguilar, Paloma, 218247. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hirsch, Marianne. 2001. “Surviving Images: Holocaust Photographs and the Work of Postmemory.” In Visual Culture and the Holocaust, edited by Zelizer, Barbie, 215246. London: The Athlone Press.Google Scholar
Hodgkin, Katharine, and Radstone, Susannah, eds. 2003. Contested Past. The Politics of Memory. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hossu Longin, Lucia. 2012. Memorialul durerii. O istorie care nu se ìnvaţă la şcoală. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Hossu Longin, Lucia. 2013. Memorialul durerii. Ìntuneric şi lumină. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Ierunca, Virgil. 1990. Fenomenul Piteşti. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Ioanid, Ioan. 1999. Inchisoarea noastra cea de toate zilele. Bucuresti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Iordachi, Constantin, and Dobrincu, Dorin, eds, 2009. Transforming Peasants, Property and Power. The Collectivization of Agriculture in Romania, 1949-1962. Budapest: Central European University Press.Google Scholar
Jela, Doina. 1999. Drumul Damascului. Spovedania unui fast torţionar. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Jela, Doina. 2001. Lexiconul negru. Unelte ale represiunii comuniste. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Kideckel, David. 1993. The Solitude of Collectivism. Romanian Villagers to the Revolution and Beyond. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Lansberg, Alison. 2004. Prosthetic Memory: The Transformation of American Remembrance in the Age of Mass Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Laub, Dori, and Finchelstein, Federico, 2010. “Memory and History from Past to Future: A Dialogue with Dori Laub on Trauma and Testimony.” In Memory and the Future. Transnational Politics, Ethics and Society, edited by Yifat Gutman, Adam D. Brown, and Sodaro, Amy, 5078. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Liiceanu, Aurora. 2012. Rănile memoriei. Nucşoara şi rezistenţa din munţi. Polirom: Iaşi.Google Scholar
Lungu, Dan. 2007. Sunt o babă comunistă! Iasi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Magierescu, Eugen. 1994. Moara dracilor. Amintiri despre Piteşti. Alba Iulia: Fronde.Google Scholar
Mareş, Clara. 2013, “Destin de scriitor, destin de roman. Dinu Pillat. Nicu Stenhardt”. In Destine individuale şi colective in Communism, edited by Budeancă, Cosmin and Olteanu, Florentin, 160170. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Margalit, Avishai. 2004. The Ethics of Memory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Mărgineanu, Nicolae. 2006. Un psiholog ìn temniţele comuniste. Documente preluate din arhiva CNSAS. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Mitroiu, Simona, ed. 2015. Life Writing and Politics of Memory in Eastern Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Müller, Herta. 1992. Der Fuchs war damals schon der Jäger. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt Verlag.Google Scholar
Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina, and Althabe, Gerard. 2002. Secera şi buldozerul. Scorniceşti şi Nucşoara. Mecanisme de aservire a ţăaranului roman. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Muraru, Andrei, ed. 2008. Dicţionarul penitenciarelor din Romănia comunistă (1945-1967). Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Nandris-Cudla, Anita. 2006. 20 de ani in Siberia. Amintiri din viata. Bucuresti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Nasta, Dominique. 2013. Contemporary Romanian Cinema. The History of an Unexpected Miracle. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Neiger, Motti, Meyers, Oren, and Zandberg, Eyal, eds. 2011. On Media Memory. Collective Memory in a New Media Age. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Oprea, Marius. 2008. Bastionul cruzimii. O istorie a securităţii (1948-1964). Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Pinchevski, Amit. 2011. “Archive, Media, Trauma.” In On Media Memory, edited by Motti Neiger, Oren Meyers, and Zandberg, Eyal, 253264. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Poole, Ross. 2008. “Memory, History and the Claims of the Past.” Memory Studies 1 (2): 149166.Google Scholar
Reulecke, Jürgen. 2010. “Generation/Generationality, Generativity, and Memory.” In A Companion to Cultural Memory Studies, edited by Erll, Astrid and Nünnings, Ansgar, 119126. Berlin: Walter De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Rigney, Anne. 2012. “Reconciliation and Remembering: (How) does it Work?Memory Studies 5 (3): 251258.Google Scholar
Rosch White, Naomi. 2003Marking Absences. Holocaust Testimony and History.” In Oral History Reader, edited by Perks, Robert and Thomson, Alistair, 172182. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Said, Edward W. 2000. “Invention, Memory, and Place.” Critical Inquiry 26: 175192.Google Scholar
Samuelli, Annie. 1997. Women Behind Bars in Romania. London: Cass.Google Scholar
Schlattner, Eginald Norbert. 2005. Das Klavier im Nebel. Vienne: Paul Zsolnay.Google Scholar
Schwab, Gabriele. 2012. “Replacement Children: The Transgenerational Transmission of Traumatic Loss.” In Memory and Political Change, edited by Assmann, Aleida and Shortt, Linda, 1733. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Spijavca, Elena. 2004. Munci şi zile ìn Bărăgan. Bucureşti: Fundaţia Academia Civică.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia. 2006. “The Vanishing Truth? Politics and Memory in Post-communist Europe.” East European Quarterly 40 (4): 383408.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia. 2009a. “Post-Communist Transitional Justice Predictors”, SciTopics, February 6, Accessed March 15, 2014. www.scitopics.com/Transitional_Justice.html.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia. 2009b. “Truth Commissions in Post-Communism: The Overlooked Solution?The Open Political Science Journal 2: 113.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia, ed. 2009c. Transitional Justice in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Reckoning with the Communist Past. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia. 2012. “Neither Forgiving Nor Punishing? Evaluating Transitional Justice in Romania.” In Transitional Justice in Latin America and Eastern Europe, edited by Vesselin Popovski and Monica Serrano. 363-389. Tokyo: UNU Press.Google Scholar
Stan, Lavinia. 2013. Transitional Justice in Post-Communist Romania. The Politics of Memory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stănescu, Mircea. 2010. Reeducarea ìn Romănia comunistă (1945-1952). Aiud, Suceava, Piteşti, Braşov. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Steinhardt, Nicolae. 1991. Jurnalul fericirii. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Dacia.Google Scholar
Sullivan, Patricia. 2006. “Anti-Communist Priest Gheorghe Calciu-Dumitreasa.” The Washington Post, November 26.Google Scholar
Ştef, Anca, and Ştef, Raul, eds. 2014. Supravieţuitorii. Mărturii din temniţele comuniste. Bucureşti: Humanitas.Google Scholar
Thomson, Paul. 2000. The Voice of the Past. Oral History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tileagă, Cristian. 2011. “(Re)writing biography: Memory, Identity, and Textually Mediated Reality in Coming to Terms with the Past.” Culture & Psychology 17 (2): 197215.Google Scholar
Tileagă, Cristian. 2012. “Communism in Retrospect: The Rhetoric of Historical Representation and Writing the Collective Memory of Recent Past.” Memory Studies 5 (2): 462478.Google Scholar
Tismăneanu, Vladimir. 2003. Stalinism for all Seasons. A Political History of Romanian Communism. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Tismaneanu, Vladimir, Dobrincu, Dorin, and Vasile, Cristian, eds. 2007. Comisia Prezidenţală pentru Analiza Dictaturii Comuniste din Romănia, Raport final. Bucuresti: Humanitas. Accessed August 10, 2015. http://www.presidency.ro/static/ordine/RAPORT_FINAL_CPADCR.pdf.Google Scholar
Todorova, Maria. 2010. “Introduction. The Process of Remembering Communism.” In Remembering Communism. Genres of Representation, edited by Todorova, Maria, 934. New York: Social Science Research Council.Google Scholar
Todorova, Maria, Dimou, Augusta, and Troebst, Stefan, eds. 2014. Remembering Communism. Private and Public Recollections of lived Experience in Southeast Europe. Budapest: Central University Press.Google Scholar
Todorova, Maria, and Gille, Zsuzsa, eds. 2010. Post-Communist Nostalgia. New York: Berghahn.Google Scholar
Troncota, Cristian. 2006. Torţionarii. Istoria instituţiei Securităţii regimului comunist din Romănia. Bucureşti: Elion.Google Scholar
Valéry-Grossu, Nicole. 1976. Benié sois-tu, prison. Paris: Plon.Google Scholar
Vasile, Cristian. 2005. Biserica Ortodoxă Romănă ìn primul deceniu communist (1945-1959). Bucureşti: Curtea Veche.Google Scholar
Vultur, Smaranda. 1997. Istorie trăită – istorie povestită. Deportarea ìn Bărăgan (1951-1956). Timişoara: Amarcord.Google Scholar
Vultur, Smaranda. 2000a. Germanii din Banat prin povestirile lor. Bucureşti: Paideia.Google Scholar
Vultur, Smaranda. 2000b. Lumi ìn destine. Memoria generaţiilor de ìnceput de secol din Banat. Bucureşti: Nemira.Google Scholar
Vultur, Smaranda. 2002. Memoria salvată. Evreii din Banat, ieri şi astati. Iaşi: Polirom.Google Scholar
Vultur, Smaranda. 2007. “The Gulag and the Holocaust in Romanian Imaginary – the Perspective of a Book Editor.” Echinox 13, Accessed March 10, 2014. http://phantasma.lett.ubbcluj.ro.Google Scholar
Weiffen, Brigitte. 2012. “From Domestic to International Instruments for Dealing with a Violent Past: Causes, Concomitants and Consequences for Democratic Transition.” In Memory and Political Change, edited by Assmann, Aleida and Shortt, Linda, 89111. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Winter, Jay. 2010. “The Performance of the Past: Memory, History, Identity.” In Performing the Past: Memory, History and Identity in Modern Europe, edited by Karin Tilmans, Frank van Vree, and Winters, Jay, 1123. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.Google Scholar
Wurmbrand, Richard. 1969. In God's Underground. London: Hodder & Stoughton.Google Scholar
Wurmbrand, Richard. 1970. Tortured for Christ. London: Hodder & Stoughton.Google Scholar