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Changing depositional environments in the Colombian Fúquene Basin at submillennial time-scales during 284-27 ka from unmixed grain-size distributions and aquatic pollen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2014

M. Vriend ,
M.H.M. Groot ,
H. Hooghiemstra ,
R.G. Bogotá-Angel  and
J.C. Berrio
M. Vriend
Affiliation:
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
M.H.M. Groot
Affiliation:
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
H. Hooghiemstra*
Affiliation:
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
R.G. Bogotá-Angel
Affiliation:
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands Facultad del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá, Colombia
J.C. Berrio
Affiliation:
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
*
*Email: h.hooghiemstra@uva.nl

Abstract

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In a ~60 m long record reflecting the period from 284 ka to 27 ka we analysed grain size distributions (GSD), organic carbon content, and aquatic pollen assemblages at 1-cm increments. The 4768-points time series show with ~60 yr resolution the dynamic history of Lake Fúquene (2540 m alt., 4° N lat.) of the northern Andes during two full interglacial-glacial cycles. GSD show proportions of clay, fine silt, coarse silt, and sand evidencing the location of the sediment source (proximal vs distal) in relation to the drilling site, and available energy to transport sediments in the catchment area. Loss-on-ignition (LOI) values reflect estimates of the abundance of organic matter (OM) in the sediments. Aquatic pollen were grouped into assemblages characteristic of deep water, shallow water, swamp, and wet lake shore environments, reflecting a hydrological gradient sensitive for lake level changes.

The End-Member Modelling Algorithm (EMMA) showed that 4 end-members (EMs) explain an optimal proportion (70%) of the observed variation. EMMA is able to unmix GSD of lacustrine sediments in a genetically meaningful way allowing EMs to be interpreted in past depositional and environmental settings. Most unexplained variability is located in the fraction of coarse sediment. OM content was estimated on the basis of LOI data and formed a fifth EM that mainly indicates presence of peat. Changes concur with submillennial-scale variability established in other proxies from this record (Groot et al., 2011). Periods with distinct sediment compositions are 284-243 ka (mainly MIS 8), 243-201 ka (mainly MIS 7), 201-179 ka (mainly MIS 7/6 transition), 179-133 ka (mainly MIS 6), 133-111 ka, (mainly MIS 5e) 111-87 ka (mainly MIS 5d-5b), 87-79 ka (mainly MIS 5a), 79-62 ka (mainly MIS 4), and 62-27 ka (MIS 3) showing sedimentological regimes are climate driven.

Keywords

depositional environmentsLake Fúquenegrain size distributionsEnd Member Modeling Algorithmaquatic pollen
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 91 , Issue 1-2 , September 2012 , pp. 199 - 214
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2011

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