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Heterochronic Dimorphism of Loxoconcha Uranouchiensis (Ostracoda) and its Implication for Speciation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

Takahiro Kamiya
Takahiro Kamiya*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Kanazawa University, 1-1 Marunouchi, Kanazawa 920, Japan
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Abstract

Polymorphism is being actively investigated by ostracode specialists because the phenomenon is widespread and may be a key to understanding speciation patterns and evolutionary processes. However, the methods for recognizing the phenomenon and the cause or causes of polymorphism are still under debate. This study presents an example of genetically controlled ostracode dimorphism in which the relationship between the two forms can be explained in terms of heterochrony. The living males as well as the females of Loxoconcha uranouchiensis in Aburatsubo Cove, central Japan, are found to be dimorphic in size, shape, and surface ornamentation of the carapace. The dimorphic forms appear concurrently in the same microhabitat, suggesting that the dimorphism is genetically rather than environmentally controlled. Although the large and the small forms are indistinguishable in their early stages, morphological differences gradually appear and become complete after the final molting, which is the seventh molting for both forms. The characters determined by the number of moltings, such as the numbers of reticules, bristles, and pores, are identical between adults of the two forms. In contrast, for characters affected by the growth condition of the epidermal-cell system, such as carapace shape and fine surface ornamentation, the small-form adult is similar to the penultimate instar of the large form. Taking the large form as a standard, the small form is paedomorphic. These two forms are reproductively isolated and should be considered different species.

Type
Research Article
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , March 1992 , pp. 221 - 236
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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