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Tick-borne disease systems emerge from the shadows: the beauty lies in molecular detail, the message in epidemiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

S. E. RANDOLPH
S. E. RANDOLPH*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
*
*Tel: +44 1865 271241. Fax: +44 1865 271240. E-mail: sarah.randolph@zoo.ox.ac.uk
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Summary

This review focuses on some of the more ground-shifting advances of recent decades, particularly those at the molecular and cellular level that illuminate mechanisms underpinning the natural ecology of tick-host-pathogen interactions and the consequent epidemiology of zoonotic infections in humans. Knowledge of components of tick saliva, now recognized as the central pillar in the tick's ability to complete its blood meal and the pathogen's differential ability to use particular hosts for transmission, has burgeoned with new molecular techniques. Functional studies have linked a few of them to saliva-assisted transmission of non-systemic infections between co-feeding ticks, the quantitative key to persistent cycles of the most significant tick-borne pathogen in Europe. Human activities, however, may be equally important in determining dynamic patterns of infection incidence in humans.

Keywords

tick-borne pathogenstick salivaimmunomodulationalternative complementtransmission potentialhuman exposureepidemiology
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Special Issue 12: Special Centenary Issue – Parasitology 1908–2008 , October 2009 , pp. 1403 - 1413
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Cambridge University Press

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