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Parasitization of a hydrothermal vent limpet (Lepetodrilidae, Vetigastropoda) by a highly modified copepod (Chitonophilidae, Cyclopoida)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2008

V. TUNNICLIFFE ,
J. M. ROSE ,
A. E. BATES  and
N. E. KELLY
V. TUNNICLIFFE*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, BCCanadaV8W 3N5 School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, BCCanadaV8W 3N5
J. M. ROSE
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, BCCanadaV8W 3N5
A. E. BATES
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, BCCanadaV8W 3N5
N. E. KELLY
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NSCanadaB3H 4J1
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, Victoria, BCCanadaV8W 3N5. Tel: 1 250 721 7135. Fax: 1 250 721 7120. E-mail: verenat@uvic.ca
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Summary

The limpet Lepetodrilus fucensis McLean is very abundant at hydrothermal vents on the Juan de Fuca and Explorer Ridges in the northeast Pacific Ocean. This limpet is parasitized by an undescribed chitonophilid copepod throughout the limpet's range. The parasite copepodite enters the mantle cavity and attaches to the afferent branchial vein. The initial invasive stage is a vermiform endosome within the vein that develops an extensive rootlet system causing an enlargement of the afferent branchial vein. Subsequently, an ectosomal female body grows outside the vein to sizes up to 2 mm in width. Once a dwarf male attaches, egg clusters form and nauplii are released. In over 3000 limpets examined from 30 populations, prevalence averaged about 5% with localized infections in female limpets over 25%. After the establishment of limpet populations at new vents, copepod prevalence increased over the succeeding months to 3 years. Host effects were marked and included castration of both sexes and deterioration in gill condition which affected both food acquisition and the gill symbiont. There was a significantly greater parasite prevalence in larger females which likely modifies the reproductive and competitive success of local host populations.

Keywords

ChitonophilidaeLepetodrilaceahydrothermal ventparasitizationpathogenesisparasitic copepodcastrationhost conditionhost sex bias
Type
Original Articles
Information
Parasitology , Volume 135 , Issue 11 , September 2008 , pp. 1281 - 1293
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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