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Tracking a heterosis effect in the field: tadpole resistance to parasites in the water frog hybridogenetic complex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2009

B. PLANADE ,
J.-P. LENA ,
H. LI ,
S. PLENET ,
J.-F. GUEGAN ,
F. THOMAS ,
S. HURTREZ-BOUSSES ,
F. RENAUD  and
P. JOLY
B. PLANADE
Affiliation:
UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
J.-P. LENA
Affiliation:
UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
H. LI
Affiliation:
UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, US
S. PLENET
Affiliation:
UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
J.-F. GUEGAN
Affiliation:
UMR CNRS-IRD 2724 Génétique des Maladies Infectieuses, 911 Avenue Agropolis – BP 5045, F-34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
F. THOMAS
Affiliation:
UMR CNRS-IRD 2724 Génétique des Maladies Infectieuses, 911 Avenue Agropolis – BP 5045, F-34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
S. HURTREZ-BOUSSES
Affiliation:
UMR CNRS-IRD 2724 Génétique des Maladies Infectieuses, 911 Avenue Agropolis – BP 5045, F-34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
F. RENAUD
Affiliation:
UMR CNRS-IRD 2724 Génétique des Maladies Infectieuses, 911 Avenue Agropolis – BP 5045, F-34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
P. JOLY*
Affiliation:
UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
*
*Corresponding author: UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Université Lyon 1; F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. Tel: +33 472 433 586. Fax: +33 472 431 141. E-mail: pjoly@univ-lyon1.fr
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Summary

Depending on the extent of evolutionary divergence among parent taxa, hybrids may suffer from a breakdown of co-adapted genes or may conversely exhibit vigour due to the heterosis effect, which confers advantages to increased genetic diversity. That last mechanism could explain the success of hybrids when hybridization zones are large and long lasting, such as in the water frog hybridization complex. In this hybridogenetic system, hybrid individuals exhibit full heterozygosity that makes it possible to investigate in situ the impact of hybridization. We have compared parasite intensity between hybrid Rana esculenta and parental R. lessonae individuals at the tadpole stage in two populations inhabiting contrasted habitats. We estimated intensity of Gyrinicola sp. (Nematoda) in the gut, Echinostome metacercariae in the kidneys and Haplometra cylindracea in the body cavity (both species belong to Trematoda). Despite high sampling effort, no variation in parasite intensity was detected between taxa, except a possible higher tolerance to H. cylindracea in hybrid tadpoles. The low effect of hybridization suggests efficient gene co-adaptation between the two genomes that could result from hemiclonal selection. Variation in infection intensity among ponds could support the Red Queen hypothesis.

Keywords

hemiclonal selectionGyrinicola sp.Echinostome metacercariaeheterosis effect
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 9 , August 2009 , pp. 1003 - 1013
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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