Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T14:56:24.652Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Role of Systems Approaches in Health and Care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

A. Komashie  and
P. J. Clarkson
A. Komashie*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom The Healthcare Improvement Studies (THIS) Institute, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
P. J. Clarkson
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
*
A.Komashie@eng.cam.ac.uk

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The concept of Health Systems is ubiquitous in the healthcare literature. However, the question ‘what is a Health System’ is not easy to answer. The emerging field of Health Systems Design is by nature multi-disciplinary, involving several disciplines with different ontological commitments and diverse perspectives and interpretations of health and system. To avoid confusions in communication and facilitate engagement between the design and health communities, it is important to begin an open exploration of the fundamental concepts of Health Systems. This paper is a first step in that endeavour

Keywords

healthcare designsystematic approachengineering design
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 2: DESIGN2022 , May 2022 , pp. 1283 - 1292
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2022.

References

Callahan, D. (1973), “The WHO definition of ’ health ’”, The Hasting Centre, Vol. 1 No. 3, pp. 77–87.Google Scholar
Ciccone, N., Patou, F., Komashie, A., Lame, G., Clarkson, P.J. and Maier, A.M. (2020), “Healthcare Systems Design: a Sandbox of Current Research Themes Presented At an International Meeting”, Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 1873–1882.Google Scholar
Ciccone, N.W., Patou, F. and Maier, A.M. (2019), “Designing for better healthcare: A systemic approach utilising behavioural theory, technology and an understanding of healthcare delivery systems”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, Vol. 2019-Augus, pp. 937–946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarkson, P.J. (2018), “What has engineering design to say about healthcare improvement?”, Design Science, Vol. 4, pp. 1–35.Google Scholar
Clarkson, P.J. (2019), “Improving Improvement Toolkit”, available at: http://www.iitoolkit.com/ (accessed 12 January 2021).Google Scholar
Clarkson, P.J., Bogle, D., Dean, J., Tooley, M., Trewsby, J., Vaughan, L., Adams, E., et al. . (2017), Engineering Better Care: A Systems Approach to Health and Care Design and Continuous Improvement, London, UK, available at: http://www.raeng.org.uk/news/news-releases/2017/september/healthcare-professionals-and-engineers-partner-to.Google Scholar
DoH. (2013), Guide to the Healthcare System in England Including the Statement of NHS Accountability, available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/194002/9421-2900878-TSO-NHS_Guide_to_Healthcare_WEB.PDF (accessed 30 November 2021).Google Scholar
Dori, D. and Sillito, H. (2017), “What is a System? An Ontological Framework”, Systems Engineering, Vol. 20 No. 3, pp. 207–219.Google Scholar
Dori, D., Sillitto, H., Griego, R.M., McKinney, D., Arnold, E.P., Godfrey, P., Martin, J., et al. . (2019), “System Definition, System Worldviews, and Systemness Characteristics”, IEEE Systems Journal, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 1–11.Google Scholar
Elliott, C. and Deasley, P. (2007), “Creating Systems That Work: Principles of Engineering Systems for the 21st Century”, The Royal Academy of Engineering, No. 293074, available at: 1-903496-34-9.Google Scholar
Eppinger, S. and Maier, A. (2019), “[Keynote] Responsible Design: Recognising the impact of how we design”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, available at: https://www.iced19.org/keynotes/responsible-design-recognising-the-impact-of-how-we-design/ (accessed 17 February 2022).Google Scholar
Griffin, P.M., Nembhard, H.B., Deflitch, C.J., Bastian, N.D. and Muñoz, D.A. (2016), Healthcare Systems Engineering, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New Jersey, available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119174639.Google Scholar
Hieronymi, A. (2013), “Understanding systems science: A visual and integrative approach”, Systems Research and Behaviour Science, Vol. 30, pp. 580–595.Google Scholar
William, Hsiao, C. (2003), “What is a health system? Why should we care?”, Harvard School of Public Health, pp. 1–33.Google Scholar
Huber, M., André Knottnerus, J., Green, L., Van Der Horst, H., Jadad, A.R., Kromhout, D., Leonard, B., et al. . (2011), “How should we define health?”, BMJ (Online), Vol. 343 No. 7817, pp. 1–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Janovsky, K., Peters, D., Arur, A. and Sundaram, S. (2006), Improving Health Services and Strengthening Health Systems: Adopting and Implementing Innovative Strategies: An Exploratory Review in Twelve Countries, available at: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_EIP_healthsystems_2006.2_improving_health_services_eng.pdf.Google Scholar
Komashie, A., Hinrichs-Krapels, S. and Clarkson, P.J. (2021), “Systems Approaches To Healthcare Systems Design and Care Delivery: an Overview of the Literature”, Proceedings of the Design Society, Vol. 1, pp. 2941–2950.Google Scholar
Komashie, A., Lame, G., Patou, F., Ciccone, N., Maier, A. and Clarkson, P.J. (2019), “Exploring Healthcare Systems Design Research and Practice: Outcomes of an International Meeting”, Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 947–956.Google Scholar
Lamé, G., Crowe, S. and Barclay, M. (2020), “‘What's the evidence?’—Towards more empirical evaluations of the impact of OR interventions in healthcare”, Health Systems, Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., available at:10.1080/20476965.2020.1857663/FORMAT/EPUB.Google Scholar
Larson, J.S. (1999), “The Conceptualization of health”, Medical Care Research and Review, Vol. 56 No. 2, pp. 123–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maier, A.M., Eckert, C.M. and Clarkson, P.J. (2021), “Factors influencing communication in collaborative design”, Journal of Engineering Design, Taylor & Francis, available at: 10.1080/09544828.2021.1954146.Google Scholar
Molina, G. and Qadan, M. (2019), “Addressing fragmentation of care requires strengthening of health systems and cross-institutional collaboration”, Cancer, Vol. 125 No. 19, pp. 3296–3298.Google ScholarPubMed
Musil, C.M., Ahn, S., Haug, M., Warner, C., Morris, D. and Duffy, E. (1998), “Health problems and health actions among community-dwelling older adults: Results of a health diary study”, Applied Nursing Research, W.B. Saunders, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 138–147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pannunzio, V., Kleinsmann, M. and Snelders, D. (2019a), “Three approaches to design engineering in the health domain: A systemic perspective”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, Vol. 2019-Augus, pp. 1005–1014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pannunzio, V., Kleinsmann, M. and Snelders, D. (2019b), “Design research, eHealth, and the convergence revolution”, International Association of Societies of Design Research Conference 2019: DESIGN REVOLUTIONS, available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08398 (accessed 2 December 2021).Google Scholar
Patou, F., Ciccone, N., Thorpe, J. and Maier, A. (2020), “Designing P4 healthcare interventions for managing cognitive decline and dementia: where are we at?”, Journal of Engineering Design, Taylor & Francis, Vol. 31 No. 7, pp. 379–398.Google Scholar
Powell, T. (2020), The Structure of the NHS in England, House of Commons Library Briefing Paper, London, available at: 10.2307/j.ctt1t8918b.15.Google Scholar
Swann, C., Carmona, C., Ryan, M., Raynor, M., Baris, E., Dunsdon, S., Huntley, J., et al. . (2010), Health Systems and Health-Related Behaviour Change: A Review of Primary and Secondary Evidence, available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313106281.Google Scholar
The Nuffield Trust. (2017), “The structure of the health and social care system in England”, available at: https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/chart/the-structure-of-the-health-and-social-system-in-england (accessed 30 November 2021).Google Scholar
Toth, F. (2021), Comparative Health Systems, Comparative Health Systems, Cambridge University Press, available at: 10.1017/9781108775397.Google Scholar
Von Wagner, C., Steptoe, A., Wolf, M.S. and Wardle, J. (2009), “Health Literacy and Health Actions: A Review and a Framework From Health Psychology”, Health Education & Behavior, Vol. 36 No. 5, pp. 860–877.Google Scholar
Wendt, C. (2014), “Changing healthcare system types”, Social Policy and Administration, Vol. 48 No. 7, pp. 864–882.Google Scholar
Wendt, C., Frisina, L. and Rothgang, H. (2009), “Healthcare system types: A conceptual framework for comparison”, Social Policy and Administration, Vol. 43 No. 1, pp. 70–90.Google Scholar
WHO. (2000), Health Systems: Improving Performance, World Health Report 2000, available at: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.35.021103.105711.Google Scholar
WHO. (2006), “Constitution of The World Health Organization”, The World Health Organization.Google Scholar
WHO. (2007a), Everybody's Business: Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Health Outcomes, available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43918/9789241596077_eng.pdf.Google Scholar
WHO. (2007b), EVERYBODY'S BUSINESS: Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Health Outcomes. WHO's Framework for Action, available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43918/9789241596077_eng.pdf (accessed 22 November 2021).Google Scholar
WHO. (2010), Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems: A Handbook of Indicators and Their Measurement Strategies.Google Scholar