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Evolution and chemical and dynamical effects of high-mass stars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2008

Georges Meynet ,
Cristina Chiappini ,
Cyril Georgy ,
Marco Pignatari ,
Raphael Hirschi ,
Sylvia Ekström  and
André Maeder
Georges Meynet
Affiliation:
Geneva University, Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@obs.unige.ch
Cristina Chiappini
Affiliation:
Geneva University, Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@obs.unige.ch Osservatorio Astronomico di TriesteVia G. B. Tiepolo 11, I - 34131 Trieste, Italia email: Cristina.Chiappini@obs.unige.ch
Cyril Georgy
Affiliation:
Geneva University, Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@obs.unige.ch
Marco Pignatari
Affiliation:
Keele University, KeeleStaffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom email: mpignatari@gmail.com Joint Institute for Nuclear AstrophysicsUniversity of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
Raphael Hirschi
Affiliation:
Keele University, KeeleStaffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom email: mpignatari@gmail.com
Sylvia Ekström
Affiliation:
Geneva University, Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@obs.unige.ch
André Maeder
Affiliation:
Geneva University, Geneva Observatory, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland email: georges.meynet@obs.unige.ch
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Abstract

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We review general characteristics of massive stars, present the main observable constraints that stellar models should reproduce. We discuss the impact of massive star nucleosynthesis on the early phases of the chemical evolution of the Milky Way (MW). We show that rotating models can account for the important primary nitrogen production needed at low metallicity. Interestingly such rotating models can also better account for other features as the variation with the metallicity of the C/O ratio. Damped Lyman Alpha (DLA) systems present similar characteristics as the halo of the MW for what concern the N/O and C/O ratios. Although in DLAs, the star formation history might be quite different from that of the halo, in these systems also, rotating stars (both massive and intermediate) probably play an important role for explaining these features. The production of primary nitrogen is accompanied by an overproduction of other elements as 13C, 22Ne and s-process elements. We show also how the observed variation with the metallicity of the number ratio of type Ibc to type II supernovae may be a consequence of the metallicity dependence of the line-driven stellar winds.

Keywords

stars: early-type, evolution, Wolf-Rayet, supernovaeGalaxy: halonucleosynthesis
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 4 , Issue S254: The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context , June 2008 , pp. 325 - 336
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2009

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