Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-l4dxg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-09T18:53:11.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Design, development and use of a standardized interview to assess social maladjustment and dysfunction in community studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Anthony W. Clare  and
Victoria E. Cairns
Anthony W. Clare*
Affiliation:
General Practice Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London
Victoria E. Cairns
Affiliation:
General Practice Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, London
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Anthony W. Clare, General Practice Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

A standardized social interview, designed to assess social maladjustment and dysfunction is described. The interview is composed of items grouped under the 3 headings of Material conditions, Social management and Satisfaction. Ratings are made on a 4-point scale by interviewers standardized in its use. The interview, which takes approximately 45 minutes to administer, covers housing, finance, occupation, social and leisure activities, and relationships with significant individuals in the subject's life. The inter-rater reliability is assessed and principal component analyses performed, and the results of these are provided and discussed. Various methods of scoring are examined and the use of the schedule in a number of studies in the setting of general practice is described.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 8 , Issue 4 , November 1978 , pp. 589 - 604
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1978

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrams, M. (1973). Subjective social indicators. Social Trends 3, 35–49.Google Scholar
Barrabee, P., Barrabee, E. L. & Finnesinger, J. E. (1955). A normative social adjustment scale. American Journal of Psychiatry 112 (1), 252–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The Structure of Psychological Well-being. Aldine: Chicago.Google Scholar
Brown, G. W., Bhrolcháin, N. W. & Harris, T. O. (1975). Social class and psychiatric disturbance of women in an urban population. Sociology 9, 225–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, A. (1976). Subjective measures of well-being. American Psychologist 31, 117–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clare, A. W. (1977). Psychological profiles of women complaining of premenstrual symptoms. Current Medical Research Opinion 4, Suppl. 4, 23–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, A. W. (1968). The personality and social network adjustment scale. Human Relations 21, 85–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cochran, W. G. & Cox, G. M. (1957). Experimental Designs (2nd edn). John Wiley & Sons: London.Google Scholar
Cochrane, R. & Stopes-Roe, M. (1977). Psychological and social adjustment of Asian immigrants to Britain: a community survey. Social Psychiatry 12, 195–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, J. (1968). Weighted kappa. Nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit. Psychological Bulletin 70 (4), 213–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, B., Eastwood, M. R. & Sylph, J. A. (1970). Psychiatric morbidity and social adjustment in a general practice population. In Psychiatric Epidemiology (ed. Hare, E. H. and Wing, J. K.), pp. 299–309. Oxford University Press: London.Google Scholar
Cooper, B., Harwin, B. G., Depla, C. & Shepherd, M. (1975). Mental health care in the community. An evaluative study. Psychological Medicine 5, 372–380.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dohrenwend, B. P. & Dohrenwend, B. S. (1974). Social and cultural influences on psycho-pathology. Annual Review of Psychology 25, 417–452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geismar, L. L. (1964). Family functioning as an index of need for welfare services. Family Process 3 (1), 99–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, D. P., Cooper, B., Eastwood, M. R., Kedward, H. B. & Shepherd, M. (1970). A standardised psychiatric interview for use in community surveys. British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 24, 18–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Gurin, G., Veroff, S. & Field, S. (1960). Americans View Their Mental Health. Basic Books: New York.Google Scholar
Gurland, B. J. (1967). The Structured and Scaled Interview to Assess Maladjustment. Biometrics Research. New York State Department of Mental Hygiene: New York.Google Scholar
Gurland, B. J., Yorkston, N. J., Stone, A. R. & Frank, J. D. (1972). The Structured and Scaled Interview to Assess Maladjustment (SSIAM). 1. Description, rationale and development. Archives of General Psychiatry 27, 259–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, T. O. (1976). Social factors in neurosis with special reference to depression. In Research in Neurosis (ed. van Praag, H. M.), pp. 22–39. Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema: Utrecht.Google Scholar
Hogarty, G. E. & Katz, M. M. (1971). Norms of adjustment and social behavior. Archives of General Psychiatry 25, 470–480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holmes, T. H. & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 11, 213–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kedward, H. B. & Sylph, J. A. (1974). Social correlates of chronic neurotic disorder. Social Psychiatry 9 (3), 91–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linn, M. W., Sculthorpe, W. B., Evje, M. & Slater, P. H. (1969). A social dysfunction rating scale. Psychiatric Research 6, 299–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacMillan, A. M. (1957). The Health Opinion Survey: technique for estimating prevalence of psychoneurotic and related types of disorder in communities. Psychological Reports 3, 325–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mandel, N. G. (1959). Mandel Social Adjustment Scale. University of Minnesota: Minneapolis.Google Scholar
Murray, J. R. (1974). Causes of Satisfaction. NORC, Working Paper: University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Parloff, M. B., Kelman, H. C. & Frank, J. D. (1954). Comfort, effectiveness and self-awareness as criteria of improvement in psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychiatry 111, 343–351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parsons, T. & Bales, R. F. (1954). Family Socialization and Interaction Process. Free Press: Glencoe, Illinois.Google Scholar
Paykel, E. S., Weissman, M., Prusoff, B. A. & Tonks, C. M. (1971). Dimensions of social adjustment in depressed women. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 152, 158–172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Quinn, R. P., Staines, G. L. & McCulloch, M. R. (1974). Job Satisfaction: Is there a trend? Manpower Research Monograph No. 30. U.S. Department of Labour: Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Roen, S. R., Ottenstein, B., Cooper, S. & Burnes, A. (1966). Community adaptation as an evaluative concept in community mental health. Archives of General Psychiatry 15, 36–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruesch, J. & Brodsky, C. M. (1968). The concept of social disability. Archives of General Psychiatry 19, 384–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shepherd, M., Cooper, B., Brown, A. C. & Kalton, G. W. (1966). Psychiatric Illness in General Practice. Oxford University Press: London.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., Fleiss, J. L. & Cohen, J. (1970). The Psychiatric Status Schedule: a technique for evaluating psychopathology and impairment in role functioning. Archives of General Psychiatry 23, 41–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sylph, J. A., Kedward, H. B. & Eastwood, M. R. (1969). Chronic neurotic patients in general practice. Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners 17, 162–170.Google ScholarPubMed
Weissman, M. M. (1975). The assessment of social adjustment. A review of techniques. Archives of General Psychiatry 32, 357–365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weissman, M. M., Klerman, G. L., Paykel, E. S., Prusoff, B. & Hanson, B. (1974). Treatment effects on the social adjustment of depressed patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 30, 771–778.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williamson, R. C. (1976). Socialization, mental health and social class. A Santiago sample. Social Psychiatry 11, 69–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wing, J. K., Nixon, J. M., Mann, S. A. & Leff, J. P. (1977). Reliability of the PSE (ninth edition) used in a population study. Psychological Medicine 7, 505–516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed