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Larger right inferior frontal gyrus volume and surface area in participants at genetic risk for bipolar disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2018

V. Drobinin ,
C. Slaney ,
J. Garnham ,
L. Propper ,
R. Uher Open the ORCID record for R. Uher [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Alda Open the ORCID record for M. Alda [Opens in a new window]  and
T. Hajek
V. Drobinin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
C. Slaney
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
J. Garnham
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
L. Propper
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
R. Uher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
M. Alda
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
T. Hajek*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: T. Hajek, E-mail: tomas.hajek@dal.ca
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Abstract

Background

Larger grey matter volume of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) is among the most replicated biomarkers of genetic risk for bipolar disorders (BD). However, the IFG is a heterogeneous prefrontal region, and volumetric findings can be attributable to changes in cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA) or gyrification. Here, we investigated the morphometry of IFG in participants at genetic risk for BD.

Methods

We quantified the IFG cortical grey matter volume in 29 affected, 32 unaffected relatives of BD probands, and 42 controls. We then examined SA, CT, and cortical folding in subregions of the IFG.

Results

We found volumetric group differences in the right IFG, with the largest volumes in unaffected high-risk and smallest in control participants (F2,192 = 3.07, p = 0.01). The volume alterations were localized to the pars triangularis of the IFG (F2,97 = 4.05, p = 0.02), with no differences in pars opercularis or pars orbitalis. Pars triangularis volume was highly correlated with its SA [Pearson r(101) = 0.88, p < 0.001], which significantly differed between the groups (F2,97 = 4.45, p = 0.01). As with volume, the mean SA of the pars triangularis was greater in unaffected (corrected p = 0.02) and affected relatives (corrected p = 0.05) compared with controls. We did not find group differences in pars triangularis CT or gyrification.

Conclusions

These findings strengthen prior knowledge about the volumetric findings in this region and provide a new insight into the localization and topology of IFG alterations. The unique nature of rIFG morphology in BD, with larger volume and SA early in the course of illness, could have practical implications for detection of participants at risk for BD.

Keywords

Bipolar disorderscortical surface areacortical thicknessfamilial riskgyrificationinferior frontal gyruspars triangularis
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 49 , Issue 8 , June 2019 , pp. 1308 - 1315
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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