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Memory-guided saccade abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their healthy, full biological siblings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2007

S. Landgraf ,
I. Amado ,
M.-C. Bourdel ,
S. Leonardi  and
M.-O. Krebs
S. Landgraf*
Affiliation:
INSERM U796, Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, University Paris René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France Humboldt University Berlin, Institute of Psychology, Berlin, Germany
I. Amado
Affiliation:
INSERM U796, Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, University Paris René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
M.-C. Bourdel
Affiliation:
INSERM U796, Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, University Paris René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
S. Leonardi
Affiliation:
INSERM U796, Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, University Paris René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
M.-O. Krebs
Affiliation:
INSERM U796, Physiopathology of Psychiatric Diseases, University Paris René Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
*
*Address for correspondence: S. Landgraf, M.A., Service Hospitalo Universitaire, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, 7 rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France. (Email: landgras@cms.hu-berlin.de)
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Abstract

Background

Ocular-motor inhibition errors and saccadic hypometria occur at elevated rates in biological relatives of schizophrenic patients. The memory-guided saccade (MS) paradigm requires a subject to inhibit reflexive saccades (RSs) and to programme a delayed saccade towards a remembered target.

Method

MS, RS, and central fixation (CF) tasks were administered to 16 patients who met the criteria for DSM-IV schizophrenia, 19 of their psychiatrically healthy siblings, and 18 controls.

Results

Patients and siblings showed elevated MS error rates reflecting a failure to inhibit RSs to a visible target, as required by the task. In contrast to controls, prior errors did not improve MS accuracy in patients and siblings.

Conclusions

The specific characteristics of the elevated MS error rate help to clarify the nature of the disinhibition impairment found in schizophrenics and their healthy siblings. Failure to inhibit premature saccades and to improve the accuracy of subsequent volitional saccades implicates a deficit in spatial working-memory integration, mental representation and/or motor learning processes in schizophrenia.

Keywords

Error ratememory-guidedsaccadesschizophreniasiblingsworking memory
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 38 , Issue 6 , June 2008 , pp. 861 - 870
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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