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Sources of variation in nutrient intakes among men in Shanghai, China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Hui Cai ,
Gong Yang ,
Yong-Bing Xiang ,
James R Hebert ,
Da-Ke Liu ,
Wei Zheng  and
Xiao-Ou Shu
Hui Cai
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Center for Health Services Research and Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, 6009 MCE, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA
Gong Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Center for Health Services Research and Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, 6009 MCE, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA
Yong-Bing Xiang
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
James R Hebert
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health and South Carolina Cancer Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29203, USA
Da-Ke Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
Wei Zheng
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Center for Health Services Research and Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, 6009 MCE, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA
Xiao-Ou Shu*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Center for Health Services Research and Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, 6009 MCE, Vanderbilt University, 1215 21st Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Email xiao-ou.shu@vanderbilt.edu
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Abstract

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Background and objective

Random errors, from any source, will attenuate epidemiological risk estimates. Before we launched the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS), a large population-based cohort study investigating the diet–cancer association among Chinese men, a dietary calibration study was conducted among 96 men aged 40–75 years (mean age 56.5 years), with biweekly 24-hour dietary recalls (24HDRs) implemented over a 1-year period. Data from this study were analysed to evaluate the nature and magnitude of variances for intake of 26 nutrients among SMHS participants, to compare variance ratios of 26 nutrients among Chinese men and women and individuals in other studies, and to estimate the number of 24HDRs required for future dietary calibration studies in similar populations.

Design

Ninety-six healthy, free-living men in Shanghai were administered biweekly 24HDR interviews 24 times over a 1-year period. To assess between-individual and within-individual contributions to variance, a mixed effects model was fitted and ratios of within-individual to between-individual dietary intake variances were computed.

Setting

Shanghai, China.

Results

In agreement with reports from studies conducted in the USA and many other countries, we found that within-individual variances were usually larger than between-individual variances in dietary intake for all nutrients. The sum of all other variation (e.g. weekday and weekend, seasonal, interviewer) accounted for less than 5% of total variation. Ratios of within- to between-individual variances (for log-transformed data) ranged from 1.25 for carbohydrate intake to near 8 for δ-tocopherol intake.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that among middle-aged and elderly Chinese men in Shanghai, within- and between-individual variation account for more than 95% of the total variation for 26 nutrients. Further dietary validation studies in the same population could be adequately carried out with only 12 days of dietary recalls, if 100 participants were enrolled.

Keywords

Nutrients24-Hour dietary recallComponent of varianceWithin-individual variationBetween-individual variationChina
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 8 , Issue 8 , December 2005 , pp. 1293 - 1299
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2005

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