Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T08:38:22.117Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Late Quaternary Sediments and Stratigraphy on the Continental Shelf off Troms and West Finnmark, Northern Norway

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Tore O. Vorren
Affiliation:
Institute of Biology and Geology, University of Tromsø, Box 790, 9001 Tromsø, Norway
Inger F. Strass
Affiliation:
Institute of Biology and Geology, University of Tromsø, Box 790, 9001 Tromsø, Norway
Odd W. Lind-Hansen
Affiliation:
Institute of Biology and Geology, University of Tromsø, Box 790, 9001 Tromsø, Norway

Abstract

Lithologic, paleontologic, and chronostratigraphic investigation of 13 gravity cores indicates the following environmental evolution: a high- (mid-) arctic period with a slight influx of ice-rafted debris occurred during the early middle Weichselian followed by a mid- (high-) arctic environment with a high influx of iceberg-rafted debris during the remainder of the middle Weichselian. The continental ice sheet probably did not extend beyond the inner shelf during middle Weichselian and a minimum relative sea level was ca. −120 m. A low-arctic environment occurred during (parts of) the late Weichselian with an initial winnowing of the sediments. The Norwegian Current entered the area during this substage. A high- (mid-) boreal environment occurred during the Holocene with high winnowing activity in the early Holocene. Winnowing is still very active on the shallower banks in contrast to the deeper banks where it has ceased. Relatively high percentages of carbonate in the form of biogenic skeletal remains occur in the Holocene sediments.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andersen, B.G., 1965. Glacial chronology of western Troms, North Norway. Geological Society of America Special Paper. 84, 35-54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, B.G., 1968. Glacial geology of western Troms, North Norway. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse. 256.Google Scholar
Andersen, B.G., 1977. Problems in constructing the Weichselian ice-front lines in Northern Europe for the CLIMAP Project. Quarternary Newsletter. 22, 1977.Google Scholar
Angino, E.E., Andrews, R.S., 1968. Trace element chemistry, heavy minerals, and sediment statistics of Weddel Sea sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 38, 634-642.Google Scholar
Bergersen, O.Fr., 1973. The roundness analysis of stones. A neglected aid in till studies. Bulletin Geological Institute University of Uppsala. 5, 69-79.Google Scholar
Brøgger, W.C., øgger, 1900 and 1901. Om de senglaciale og postglaciale invåforandringer i kristianiafeltet (Molluskfaunan). Norges geologiske Undersøkelse. 31.Google Scholar
Bugge, T., Maisey, G.H., Rokoengen, K., 1974. Refleksjonsseismiske undersøkelser med sparker utenfor Troms 1972. Publikasjon 49 NTNF's Kontinentalsokkelprosjekt. .Google Scholar
Bugge, T., Rokoengen, K., 1976. Geologisk kartlegging av de øvre lag på kontinentalsokkelen utenfor Troms. Institutt for Kontinentalsokkelundersøkelser. 85.Google Scholar
Carey, S.W., Ahmad, N., 1961. Glacial marine sedimentation. Raasch, G.O., Geology of the Arctic. Univ. of Toronto Press, Toronto, 865-894.Google Scholar
Coope, G.R., 1975. Climatic fluctuations in northwest Europe since the last ingerglacial, indicated by fossils assemblages of Coleoptera. Geological Journal Special Issue. 6, 153-168.Google Scholar
Dibner, 166.D., 1970. “Ancient clays” and the relief of the Barents-Kara shelf as direct proof of its sheet glaciation during the Pleistocene. Below, M.I., Problems of Polar Geography. Israel Program Scien. Translation Ltd, Jerusalem. Google Scholar
Dyer, K.R., 1970. Grain size parameters for sandy gravels. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 40, 616-620.Google Scholar
Elvsborg , A., (in prep.)."Late Quaternary Sedimentation in a Glacial Trough on the Continental Shelf off Troms, Northern Norway.". ;.Google Scholar
Ericson, D.B., Ewing, M., Wollin, G., 1964. Sediment cores from the Arctic and subarctic seas. Science. 144, 1183-1192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feyling-Hanssen, R.W., 1955. Stratigraphy of the marine late-Pleistocene of Billefjorden, Vestspitsbergen. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter. 107.Google Scholar
Feyling-Hanssen, R.W., 1958. Mikropaleotologiens teknikk. Norges geologiske Undersökelse. 203, 35-48.Google Scholar
Feyling-Hanssen, R.W., 1964. Foraminifera in late Quaternary deposits from the Oslofjord area. Norges geologiske Undersökelse. 225.Google Scholar
Feyling-Hanssen, R.W., Jörgensen, J.A., Knudsen, K.L., Andersen, A.-L.L., 1971. Late Quaternary foraminifera from Vendsyssel, Denmark and Sandnes, Norway. Bulletin of Geologic Society of Denmark. 21, 66-317.Google Scholar
Folk, R.L., Ward, W.C., 1957. Brazo River Bar: A study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 27, 3-26.Google Scholar
Foscolos, A.E., Barefoot, R.R., 1970. A rapid determination of total organic and inorganic carbon in shales and carbonates. Geological Survey of Canada Paper. 70-11, 1-8.Google Scholar
Galehouse, J.S., 1971. Sedimentation analysis. Carver, R.E., Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology. Wiley Interscience, New York, 69-94.Google Scholar
Gross, M.G., 1971. Carbon determination. Carver, R.E., Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology. Wiley Interscience, New York, 573-596.Google Scholar
Haldorsen, S., 1974. Four sediment cores from the continental shelf oustside Trønelag. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse. 304, 21-32.Google Scholar
Hansbo, S., 1957. A new approach to the determination of the shear strength of clay by the fall-cone test. Royal Swedish Geotechnical Institute Proceedings. 14.Google Scholar
Holtedahl, H., 1955. On the Norwegian continental terrace, primarily outside Möre-Romsdal: Its geomorphology and sediments. Universitetet i Bergen Årbok, Naturvitenskapelig Rekke. 15.Google Scholar
Holtedahl, H., Sellevoll, M., 1971. Geology of the continental margin of the eastern Norwegian Sea and of the Skagerak. Delany, F.M., ICSU/SCOR Working Party 31 Symposium, Cambridge 1970: The Geology of the East Atlantic Continental Margin. 2. Europe. Institute of Geological Sciences Report 70/74. 33-52.Google Scholar
Holtedahl, H., Bjerkli, K., 1975. Pleistocene and recent sediments of the Norwegian continental shelf (62°N–71°N) and the Norwegian Channel area. Norges geologiske Undersökelse. 316, 241-252.Google Scholar
Holtedahl, O., 1940 The Submarine Relief off the Norwegian Coasts. With Bathymetrical Maps in Seven Sheets of the Norwegian Coastal Waters and Adjoining Seas. Special Publication Norsk Videnskaps Akademi i Oslo.Google Scholar
Holtedahl, O., Dons, J.A., 1960. Geologisk kart over Norge, Berggrunskart. Norges geologiske Undersökelse. 208.Google Scholar
Hubendick, B., Waren, A., 1976. Framgälade snackor frå svenska 167ästkusten. Rundqvist boktryckeri, Gøteborg. Google Scholar
Hughes, T., Denton, G.H., Grosswald, M.G., 1977. Was there a late-Würm Arctic Ice Sheet?. Nature (London). 266, 596-602.Google Scholar
Inman, D.L., 1949. Sorting of sediments in the lights of fluid mechanics. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 19, 51-70.Google Scholar
Inman, D.L., 1952. Measures of describing the size distribution of sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 22, 125-145.Google Scholar
Jensen, A.S., Sparck, R.,1934 Danmarks fauna, Bløddyr II. Saltvandsmuslinger. G. E. C. Gads Forlag, København. Google Scholar
Kagami, H., 1963. A description of bottom sediments in Lutzow-Holmbukta. Adie, R.J., Antarctic Geology. Interscience, New York, 703-709.Google Scholar
Kellog, T.B., 1976. Late Quaternary climatic changes: Evidence from deep-sea cores of Norwegian and Greenland seas. Geological Society of America Memoir. 145, 77-110.Google Scholar
Kellog, T.B., 1977. Paleoclimatology and paleo-oceanography of the Norwegian and Greenland Seas: the last 450,000 years. Marine Micropaleontology. 2, 235-249.Google Scholar
Kindle, E.M., 1924. Observation on ice-borne sediments by the Canadian and other Arctic expeditions. American Journal of Science. 5, 251-286 Ser. 7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kluge, G.A., 1975 Bryozoa of the Northern Seas of the USSR. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi. Google Scholar
Krinsley, D.H., Doornkamp, J.C., 1973 Atlas of Quartz Sand Surface Textures. Cambridge Univ. Press, London/New York. Google Scholar
Lemche, H., 1941. The zoology of East Greenland. Gastropoda Opistobranchiata. Meddelser om Grønland. 121, 7.Google Scholar
Lisitzin, A.P., 1957. Types of marine sediments connected with the activity of ice. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Geol. Science Section. 118, 45-47.Google Scholar
Lisitzin, A.P., 1962. Bottom sediments of the Antarctic. Wexler, H., Rubin, M.J., Caskey, J.E. Jr., Antarctic Research. Geophysical Monograph No. 7. 81-88 NAS-NRC, No. 1036.Google Scholar
Lisitzin, A.P., 1972 Sedimentation in the World Ocean. 17, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., 1972. Radiocarbon dating of marine shells, including a discussion of apparent age of Recent shells from Norway. Boreas. 1, 143-172.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., 1977. Late Weichselian marine sediments containing shells, foraminifera, and pollen, at Ågotnes, western Norway. Norsk geolgisk Tidsskrift. 57.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., Gulliksen, S., 1975. Apparent radiocarbon ages of recent marine shells from Norway, Spitsbergen, and Arctic Canada. Quaternary Research. 5, 263-273.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., Andersen, S.T., Berglund, B.E., Donner, J.J., 1974. Quaternary stratigraphy of Norden, a proposal for terminology and classification. Boreas. 3, 109-128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Margolis, S.168., Krinsley, D.H., 1974. Processes of formation and environmental occurrence of micro-features on detrital quartz grains. American Journal of Science. 274, 449-464.Google Scholar
Marlowe, J.I., 1968. Unconsolidated marine sediments in Baffin Bay. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 38, 1065-1078.Google Scholar
Marthinussen, M., 1961. Brerandstadier og avsmeltningsforhold i Repparfjord—Stabbursdal—området, Finnmark. Norges geologiske Undersökelse. 213, 118-169.Google Scholar
Mosby, H., 1968. Surrounding seas. Sömme, A., A geography of Norden. J. W. Cappelens forlag, Oslo, 20-30.Google Scholar
Munsell Soil Color Charts. Macbeth Color & Photometry division of Krollmorgen Co, Baltimore, Maryland, Munsell Products.Google Scholar
Myhre, L., 1974 A Computer Program for Grainsize Distribution Analysis. Publikasjon 44 NTNF's Kontinentalsokkel prosjekt.Google Scholar
Møller, J.J., Sollid, J.L., øller and Sollid, 1972. Deglaciation chronology of Lofoten-Vesterålen—Ofoten, North Norway. Norsk geografisk Tidsskrift. 26, 101-133.Google Scholar
Nagy, J., 1965. Foraminifera in some bottom samples from shallow waters in Vestspitsbergen. Norsk Polarinstitutt Årbok. 1963, 109-128.Google Scholar
Nilsson, T., 1972. Pleistocen. Den geologiska och biologiska utvecklingen under istidsåldern. Berlingska Boktryckeriet, Lund. Google Scholar
Nordsieck, F., 1968. Die europäschen Meeres-Gehauseschnecken. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart. Google Scholar
Nordsieck, F., 1969. Die europäischen Meeresmuscheln. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart. Google Scholar
Ockelman, W.K., 1958. The zoology of East Greenland. Marine Lamellibranchiata. Meddelser om Grønland. 122, 4.Google Scholar
Ovenshine, A.T., 1970. Observation of iceberg rafting in Glacier Bay, Alaska, and the identification of ancient ice-rafted deposits. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 81, 891-894.Google Scholar
Pennington, W., 1975. A chronostratigraphic comparison of late-Weichselian and late-Devensian subdivisions, illustrated by two radiocarbon-dated profils from western Britain. Boreas. 4, 157-171.Google Scholar
Rokoengen, K., Bugge, T., 1976. Grunnforholdene på den norske kontinentalsokkel sør for 72°N. Institutt for Kontinentalsokkelundersøkelser 81. .Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., 1977. The pattern of oceanographic changes in the Atlantic through the last glacial cycle: implications for the climate on the adjacent continents. Abstracts XINQUA Congress. Birmingham, 1977 387.Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., McIntyre, A., 1973. Time-transgressive deglacial retreat of Polar waters from the North Atlantic. Quaternary Research. 3, 117-130.Google Scholar
Rønnevik, H., Bergsager, E.I., Moe, A., Øvrebø, O., Navrestad, T., Stangenes, J., ønnevik et al., 1975. The geology of the Norwegian continental shelf. Woodland, A.W., Petroleum and the Continental Shelf of North-west Europe. Vol. 1, Wiley, New York/Toronto, 117-128.Google Scholar
Sars, G.O., 1878. Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges arktiske fauna. I Mollusa Regionis Arcticae Norvegia. Univ. Program I. halvaar 1878. A. W. Brøgger, Christiania. Google Scholar
Sollid, J.J., 1973. Deglaciation of Finnmark, North Norway. Norsk geografisk Tidsskrift. 27, 233-325.Google Scholar
Stetson, H.C., Upson, J.E., 1937. Bottom deposits of the Ross Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 7, 55-66.Google Scholar
Strass , I. F., (in press).Microtextures of quartz sand grains on coastal and shelf sediments, Møre, Western Norway. . Marine Geology . ..Google Scholar
Sverdrup, H.U., 1931. The transport of material by pack-ice. Geographical Journal. 77, 399-400.Google Scholar
Svirenko, I.P., Granulometric and Mineralogical Composition of Bottom-Sediments in the Davis Sea. Information Bulletin of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition No. 22, 1960. Translated and collected as.Google Scholar
Svirenko, I.P., 1965 Soviet Antarctic Expedition. Vol. 3, Elsevier, New York, 46-50.Google Scholar
Sundvor, E., 1971. Seismic refraction measurements on the Norwegian continental shelf between Andøya and Fugløybanken. Marine Geophysical Research. 1, 303-313.Google Scholar
Sundvor, E., 1974. Seismic refraction and reflection measurements in the southern Barents Sea. Marine Geology. 16, 255-273.Google Scholar
Sundvor, E., 1976. Thickness and distribution of sedimentary rocks in the southern Barents Sea. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse. 316, 237-240.Google Scholar
Tarr, R.S., 1897. The arctic sea ice as a geological agent. American Journal of Science. 4, 223-229 Ser. 3.Google Scholar
Tebble, N., 1966 British Bivalve Seashells. A Handbook for Identification. Alden Press Osney Mead, Oxford. Google Scholar
Thorson, G., 1944. The zoology of East Greenland Marine Gatropoda Prosobranchiata. Meddelser om Grønland. 121, 13.Google Scholar
Vorren, K.-D., 1978. Late and middle Weichselian stratigraphy of Andøya, North Norway. Boreas. 7.Google Scholar
Vorren, T.O., 1977 Late Pleistocene Ice Movements, Sediments and Stratigraphy on Hardangervidda, South Norway. Institute of Biology and Geology, and University of Tromsø, Tromsø. Google Scholar
Vorren, ssgg T. O., (in press).Middle Weichselian fossils at Kvalsundet near Tromsø. , North Norway. .Google Scholar
Vorren, T.O., Lind-Hansen, O.W., 1977. A Permo—carboniferous fossil from Tromsøyflaket, North Norway. Norsk geologisk Tidsskrift. 57.Google Scholar
Walger, E., 1962. Die Korngrossenverteilung von Einzellagen sandiger Sedimente und ihre genetische Bedeutung. Geologische Rundschau. 51, 494-507.Google Scholar
Walton, W.R., 1964. Recent forminiferal ecology and paleoecology. Imbrie, J., Newell, N.D., Approaches to Paleoecology. Wiley, New York, 151-237.Google Scholar
Øvrebø, O., Talleraas, E., 1976 The Structural Geology of the Troms Area. G IV/6 ONS-74. Stavanger.Google Scholar